ailments-90

最终幻想8关于提升ST防御的问题

The Zhuang Ethnic Minority 。

Ⅰ. Population and Distribution 。

With a population of about 18 million, the Zhuang ethnic minority is the largest minority group in China with a long history and glorious culture. Over 90 percent of the Zhuang people live in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The rest of。

the Zhuang people reside in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan Provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Their population, estimated at 18 million people, puts them second only to the Han Chinese and makes the Zhuang the largest minority in China.。

Ⅱ.Etymological note。

The name of the Zhuang(Rao) minority used to be written 獞. However, the character also refers to a variety of wild dogs, so it was considered an ethnic slur. In 1949, the "animal" radical was replaced by the "human" radical, and the。

character became 僮. Eventually, the character was replaced with 壮, a character already in existence meaning "sturdy" or "strong". 。

Ⅲ.History

The Zhuang did not record their history until the Eastern Zhou dynasty (475-221 BC) of China. The Chinese referred to the area as Bai-Yue. In 1850, this area witnessed the Taiping Rebellion break out. The execution of a French missionary。

led to the Second Opium war in 1858. The Franco-Chinese War of 1885 put Vietnam under French supremacy and opened up the area to foreign encroachment. All of this caused a constant economic depression through the nineteenth century. 。

Together with neighboring Guangdong, Guangxi became an area of Yat-sen’s Nationalist revolution. With the fall of the Qing, the Zhuang sent representatives to the central government to campaign for Guangxi autonomy, but when years of 。

protocol failed, the "Guangxi Clique" turned to open revolt in 1927. Maintaining a defiant self-rule stance for two years, the Zhuang leaders of Li Tsung-jen and Li Chi-shen modernized Guangxi, but Chiang Kai-shek ruthlessly crushed 。

their revolt in 1929. Despite the Clique's failure, Chiang could not put Guangxi under direct provincial rule, and it remained unruly until 1950. The Kuomintang's suppression of Guangxi led to widespread support of Communism. During World War II Guangxi was a major target of Japanese attacks, as they invaded the coast in 1939. The famous patriotic newspaper National Salvation Daily was printed at Guilin. In 1944, the Japanese launched a major offensive to take the western half of Guangxi, but with relentless Zhuang guerrillas, the Japanese were routed.。

Ⅳ.Culture

⑴.Language

Main article: Zhuang language。

There is an indigenous Zhuang language, which has been written with Zhuang logograms based on Chinese characters for over a thousand years, and now is officially written in Roman letters.。

The Zhuang language is a language from the Tai language group used by the Zhuang people. Most speakers live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region within the People's Republic of China, where it is an official language.。

Standardized Zhuang is based on the dialect of Wuming County. Buyei is actually just a slightly different standard form of Zhuang, used across the province border in Guizhou. There is a dialect continuum between Zhuang and Buyei.。

Zhuang is a tonal language. It has six tones in open syllables.。

⑵.Religion And Belief 。

Most Zhuang follow a traditional animist/ancestor-oriented religion, however, there are a number of Buddhists, Daoists, and Christians in Guangxi as well.Since the ancient times, the Zhuang people have had numerous kinds of beliefs. They。

believe in the propagation, the totem, and their ancestors. Now, most of them are polytheists, believing the power of many inanimate things in nature, such as giant trees, high mountains, cavity, the earth, the sun, water and so on. 。

Sacrifice activities are usually held because of their beliefs of being blessed by the divinity and to prevent all kinds of disasters. 。

(3).Food and Food Culture 。

The Zhuang people's primary products are tropical and subtropical crops such as rice and corn due to the mild climate and abundant rainfall. The people eat all kinds of meat, including beef, mutton, pork and chicken, etc. The vegetables。

of their daily life are of various kinds. Poached and pickled vegetables are the favored ones.  。

The Zhuang people are so hospitable that any guests are honored by the whole village. Wine is a must when treating the guests. Guests are shown a unique way of drinking each others wine in the spoon by crossing each other's arms. The。

elder person is shown respect by nobody eating before him or her. 。

Ⅴ.Notables 

Huang Xian Fan , Chinese historian,ethnologist and educator.。

Li Ning, Chinese gymnast and entrepreneur. 。

Shi Dakai, Taiping leader. 。

Nong Zhigao, Zhuang leader 。

Ⅵ.Traditions -> Festivals and Customs 。

Besides sharing similar festivals with the Han, the Zhuang minority has its unique ones including: the Devil Festival, the Ox Soul Festival, and the Singing Festival.。

(1).The March 3rd Festival 。

Formerly known as "Shangsi Festival", the March 3rd Festival is a traditional festival observed by the Han people and a number of ethnic minority groups. In ancient times, the first Si day (according to the year numbering system by the。

Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches) was called "Shangsi" and celebrated as a festival. Most of the time, March 3rd of the lunar calendar happened to be a Si day. So, after the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Shangsi Festival was set on the 。

third of lunar March and renamed "the March 3rd Festival". Originally March 3rd was more focused on religious activities to ward off disaster and keep evil spirits at bay as well as to pray for having children. The activities included 。

sacrificial rituals in honor of Goddess Gao Mei, "Fu Xi" (a bathing ritual) and get-togethers attended by young men and women etc. 。

Gao Mei is the Goddess of Marriage and Childbearing. People would pray her for childbearing through sacrificial rituals. Meanwhile, "Fu Xi" was carried out to get rid of ailments by bathing. It was believed to cure women's infertility.。

And get-togethers through spring outings provided a chance for young men and women to get to know each other and to seek future significant others. Such gatherings were also aimed at marriage and childbearing. In addition, activities 。

like floating eggs, dates and wine cups on the river were also held.  。

(2)Other Cultures 。

Other cultures such as frescoes and bronze drums are also of splendid fame.。

The Zhuang minority's frescoes carved on the steep cliffs are of extreme Zhuang characteristics. Figures, beasts and some other patterns carved 2,000 years ago will make everyone appreciate the image of the Zhuang's ancestors and the superb technique.。

The bronze drum used both in sacrifice and festivals, delivers a special culture of the Zhuang ethnic minority. On the top and sides of the drums, the sun, frogs, dragon, dancing women and other patterns are decorated. It is a great revelation of their worship to the sun and frog. Nowadays, the bronze drum has become an indispensable musical instrument for the festivals。

跪求几篇，关于上海空气污染的英文文献

1、融合魔法到“ST防御”上，是直接提升ST防御百分比（成功防御敌人释放的异常状态，会显示Guard）。融合魔法到“精神”上，是提升异常状态躲避率（成功躲避敌人释放的异常状态，会显示Miss）。

所以显而易见，直接融合魔法到ST防御，比起精神来说要重要（当然不是说精神不重要，因为精神还关系到魔法防御力）。

2、要有效提高“ST防御”，首先要让GF学会状态防御J×4(ST-Def×4)并将GF装备到角色身上。拥有ST-Def×4的GF有地狱犬Cerberus和火车Doomtrain，另外使用道具“状态防御”（Status Guard）也可以让GF学会ST-Def×4，取得方法自己查天幻，你会查，我就不贴了。

然后选装备了该GF的角色，Junction——Magic，连按两次←，来到ST防御界面，这时候因为已经装备了ST-Def×4，所以有四个格可以融合，将四种魔法融合到上面就可以了。

ST防御较强的魔法装备：

Pain：防御 Poison, Curse, Silence 100% 。

Reflect：防御 Poison, Petrify, Stop, Confusion, Silence, Berserk， Slow，Curse，Sleep 20% 。

Esuna：防御 Poison, Petrify, Slow, Silence，Berserk, Sleep, Stop， Confuse 20% 。

Holy：防御Death, Drain, Confuse, Curse，Zombie, Sleep, Berserk， Poison 40% 。

因为Holy这个魔法比较珍贵，可以用来融合其他属性，所以个人推荐你这格可以装Death，这样防御即死100%，加上其他ST防御，很强大了。

魔法的取得，自己查查天幻。

1.Shanghai city has suffered slight air pollution for three consecutive days - a first for this year.。

And more of the same is forecast for today.。

Pudong New Area has had the poorest air pollution index in recent days, according to officials.。

Experts from the Shanghai Environmental Protection Bureau yesterday began an urgent monitoring network, incorporating the meteorological authorities and universities, to study the cause and a possible solution to the air pollution.。

Hu Guoliang from the bureau's pollution control department, said cities along the Yangtze River suffered similar air pollution in recent days which may be related to a cold front from the north.。

"This recent air pollution is strange as people haven't felt discomfort even though the air pollution index, especially particulate material, is high," he said.。

"A similar situation took place in 2005. We are cooperating with neighboring cities and experts to closely monitor the situation."。

He said the bureau would carry out measures after determining the cause.。

City air quality has five categories - excellent, good, slightly polluted, moderately polluted and seriously polluted.。

Shanghai has taken many measures, such as shutting highly polluting plants, to improve air quality and has seen more than 85 percent of the days in a year with excellent and good quality air since 2003.。

City medical experts have urged people, especially those with a history of allergies, respiratory diseases and cardiovascular problems, to take preventive measures during this period of pollution.。

Yue Mengyuan, a doctor from the Shanghai Children's Medical Center, said there had been an increase in patients with respiratory ailments in recent days.。

"People with ailments like asthma should try and avoid going out," Yue said. "If they have to go out, they should wear masks."。

2.Shanghai air quality now sucks even harder。

http://shanghaiist.com/2007/04/10/shanghai_air_qu.php。

3.关于上海世博会期间的空气质量管理。

Pollution will be controlled during Expo。

SHANGHAI: Enterprises within 300 km of Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta will be subject to production control during the six-month World Expo if the city's air quality falls below standards, local environmental protection authorities said yesterday. 。

"We'll monitor air quality each day and if it shows negative trends, we'll take emergency measures, including production control or even shutting down certain heavy-polluting companies," Zhang Quan, director of the municipal environmental protection bureau, told China Daily yesterday on the sidelines of the annual municipal people's congress. 。

Iron, steel, chemical and construction industries will be subject to the rule. The policy has gained support from officials in nearby provinces including Jiangsu and Zhejiang, he said. 。

The two provinces and the municipality already have been collaborating on sharing air pollution data as a way to combat regional air pollutants. 。

City governments have drafted emergency plans regarding vehicle control during the Expo, Zhang said. The plans did not rule out resorting to the odd-and-even license plate rule, which allows cars onto the roads on alternate days. Another plan being considered is a ban that stops motorists from driving one day each week based on their license plate number. Car owners in Beijing now have to abide by the second rule, even after the Olympics. 。

"Although vehicle control measures are primarily intended to ease traffic congestion, it's also a good way to improve air quality, as it would reduce pollutant emissions to a large extent," he said, adding that people are being encouraged to take buses and subways to visit the Expo. 。

In Shanghai, the air quality has been improving steadily. Last year more than 90 percent of the days were recorded as having "fair" or "good" air quality, the first time it had surpassed 90 percent. 。

The city aims to have more than 95 percent of the days reaching "fair" air quality this year in its attempt to hold a green World Expo. 。

Since 2000, the city government has rolled out an environmental campaign by investing approximately 3 percent of its GDP growth into citywide environmental initiatives. 。

Still, some areas need improvement, especially the suburban and rural areas, Zhang said. 。

For example, agricultural pollution from the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers is posing an increasingly serious threat, experts say. 。

Jin Yan, a deputy to the municipal congress from the city's Xuhui district, called on the government to distribute free non-toxic pesticides and fertilizers to farmers to reduce agricultural pollution.。

这个网上有很多上海的外国人对上海空气污染的评价。

http://www.shanghaiexpat.com/MDForum-viewtopic-t-56149.phtml。

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