试金石shì jīn shí
本意为一种黑色坚硬的石块,用黄金在上面画一条纹,就可以看出黄金的成色。比喻精确可靠的检验方法。试金石引申意指检验某物(可以是理论、实物、技能)是否达到某一高度的检验者。试金石的矿物学名称为碧玄岩,又称燧石板岩、硅质板岩等。属玄武质喷出岩,致密坚硬,呈黑色。作为观赏石以通体黝黑者为优,若其上又有如游丝状的金线,则为上品。试金石形态各异,有的圆润如卵,有的布满波纹状的坑凹起伏,有的留有如同人指甲掐过的痕迹,成为“指甲痕”。试金石又名玄玉。
试金石名言
苦难是人生最好的试金石。
中文名:试金石
其他外文名:玄玉
别 称:燧石板岩、硅质板岩等
类 别:碧玄岩
分子量:60
颜 色:漆黑
硬 度:质硬
应 用:鉴别黄金
1、画面上的区别:
帧数的数值越高,画面的质量就会越高,人眼所看到的画面更清晰,更舒适。画面达到30帧数的时候,看到的是路线的标准,但是30帧数看着很累,眼睛有些是疲劳,所以60帧数效果非常好,使用时看着很舒服,并且颜色也很鲜艳。
2、不同的帧数用在不同处上的区别:
60帧树常常多用于大型游戏,二三十帧数用于拍摄录像就足够用了,但是60帧数与30帧数速度是不同的,60帧数的速度比较快,30帧速的速度感觉有些不流畅,甚至还有卡顿的情况。
3、连贯性上的区别:
在60帧数的情况下会看到画面非常有连续性,而30帧数的情况下有些时候会出现慢动作的情况,所以能够确定60帧数在每一秒内所生成的帧数多一些,所以60帧数要比30帧数,所产生的画面更加连贯,更加清楚,在使用的时候增加舒适度。
Forrest Gump is a rare movie that succeeded on all levels. It was a box office smash ranking among the top five highest grossing movies of all time. But it was also a critical darling, garnering across the board praise and a truckload of awards. The movie became a cultural phenomenon, spawning cook books, quote books, a top ten soundtrack album and lines like "stupid is as stupid does" and "life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're gonna get" have permeated our dialect. The movie has a nostalgic, feel good vibe thanks to the dimwitted Forrest's trek through 60's and 70's touchstone events. Underneath all those warm feelings lies a darkness. Bad things happen to just about everyone Forrest comes in contact with. His best friend Bubba is killed in Vietnam, his other friend Lt. Dan loses both his legs, his mother dies of cancer and his beloved Jenny dies of AIDS. Even the famous people Forrest comes across meet with disaster, President Kennedy & John Lennon are assassinated, George Wallace is shot and Elvis Presley dies young. There are superb performances all around. Sally Field is feisty as Forrest's mama, Mykelti Williamson is funny as Bubba, Gary Sinese as Lt. Dan is a perfect rough edged foil to Forrest and Robin Wright as Jenny portrays the confusion that young people of the times felt perfectly. While all those performances are of high quality, Forrest Gump is Tom Hanks' tour de force. He is utterly brilliant as Forrest. He is in virtually every scene of the movie and never once does he fail to astound. He becomes Forrest and makes you care what happens to him. Mr. Hanks deservedly won his second consecutive Best Actor Oscar for the role and cemented himself as the best actor of his generation and one of the best of all time.。
I think the merits of Forrest Gump as a movie have been debated enough by now. If you're reading this, you probably already have a pretty good idea if the movie's digitally enhanced nostalgia and praise to the virtues of simplicity will appeal to you or not. So I'm just going to talk about what I thought of the DVD. The film enthusiast and the Gump fan will find a fair amount of interesting stuff to peruse, but the bonus feature are unfortunately kind of hit or miss. It's neat seeing exactly how all of the special effects were done or how sound and makeup were used to enhance mood in particular scenes. The screen test are nice enough, if only because you get to see Tom Hanks playing Forrest before he had worked out the accent. And the Zemeckis/Starket/Carter commentary, while lacking the fun and spontanaity of some I've heard, provides enough good tidbits and insights to keep you interested. But these pretty good features run alongside some really poor ones. The Finerman commentary runs out of steam very early and lapses into the producer repeating herself (apparently there are at least TWO seperate scenes where Forrest first becomes a man) and talking about what she thinks the audience is feeling or thinking at that point in the movie. (I don't need to know what the audience is thinking. I AM the audience.) Add a photo gallery that is half stills from the movie and a pretty bland documentary and you pretty much have the disc in a nutshell. I guess if you really love Gump or absolutely need to know more about the effects, you'll really enjoy the disc. But the rest of us are left a little unsatisfied and wondering why a movie that supposedly relied more on a great script than visual effects has a disc of extras which touch so little on the former and so much on the latter.。
I think that the best movies are those that you 'appreciate' or understand after seeing it more than once. However, with 'forrest gump', i fell in love with it after the first 15 minutes and knew it would be in my top 10 straight away.。
It is so unique because of the character Forrest Gump himself, who has a low IQ of only 75. Although he is 'mentally challenged', he finds himself in historic and troublesome situations and like that he manages to 'forrest gump' his way out of it and end up a hero or role model. but the real beauty in this movie to me was his ability to simplify the complexities of the world we live in and somehow do what some war movies fail to do. show the importance of world peace or what love movies can't deliver...the importance of love.。
I love that Forrest doesn't lose his innocence and purity throughout the movie, or maybe he just can't but either way, this shows you don't need to be evil or really intelligent to be recognised or successful. Then again it is just a movie (and a very good one too). So maybe it doesn't work like that in reality. what that simply means is that the acting and story of this film was incredibly touching on a real level. And in my definition that's what a good movie should be able to do.。
午夜牛郎
开放分类: 电影、艺术
午夜牛郎 Midnight Cowboy (1969)
其它译名: 无
类型: 剧情
导演: 约翰·施莱辛格 John Schlesinger 。
编剧: 华道索尔 Waldo Salt。
James Leo Herlihy 。
主要演员:达斯丁·霍夫曼 Dustin Hoffman。
乔恩·沃伊特 Jon Voight。
西尔维亚·迈尔斯 Sylvia Miles。
John McGiver
布伦达·瓦卡罗 Brenda Vaccaro。
巴纳德·休斯 Barnard Hughes。
Ruth White
珍妮弗·索尔特 Jennifer Salt 。
上映日期: 1969-5-25 。
国家地区: 美国
剧情简介:
乔·巴克(Joe Buck)从德克萨斯州来到纽约,想通过为派克街(Park Avenue)的贵妇人提供服务挣点钱。他认为自己若扮成西中牛仔会更有魅力,于是置办了一套牛仔服装。他的古怪服装没有象预想中的那样引起贵妇人的注意,反而有个妓女却来向他要钱。巴克结识了肮脏的瘸子拉奇奥·里索(Ratzo Rizzo),里索说能给巴克找到顾客,但开价十块钱。巴克掏出了自己仅剩的十块钱,却发现里索介绍来的是个同性恋男人。巴克气冲冲地去找里索算帐,他在弯腰拿回钱时发现里索的身体状况极其糟糕,了解真相后,巴克非常同情里索,并把里索扶进了他破烂的家。两个相依为命,起初仍对迅速致富抱有希望,但不久就发现他们不适合生活在都市丛林之中。里索病重,巴克从纠缠自己的同性恋者那里敲诈出一笔钱,带里索去温暖的南方,但里索却因病重而亡。
幕后制作:
《午夜牛郎》是“新好莱坞电影”的一部代表作品。上世纪60年代,美国社会发生了巨大变化。由于对越南战争的疑虑和困惑、性自由的提倡和蔓延、嬉皮士和不良少年的泛滥,导致社会秩序混乱、犯罪案件直线上升。处在这样一个动荡的时代,一些电影导演开始用讥笑嘲讽的手法,推出一系列批评美国社会弊病的影片。《午夜牛郎》便是其中之一。《午夜牛郎》根据詹姆斯·莱奥·赫利西的小说改编,描述一个自我感觉良好的西部牛仔恪守旧俗、贸然闯入现代都市后的悲剧,象征着牛仔代表的传统美国精神的破灭。由于片中涉及过多同性恋和性爱场面,因此成为美国第一部实行“X”级分级制片的影片(即17岁以下青少年不得观看)。本片荣获第42奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳改编剧本。
上世纪60年代以前,在以清教精神立国的美国,同性恋还是个讳莫如深的问题。本片第一次在美国影坛上直言不讳地揭示了同性恋问题。本片在美国首映,引起了轩然大波,一些人谴责影片“肮脏、不道德”,但更多的人认为它是严肃地探讨了美国早已普遍存在的社会现象。本片真正引人沉思的还在于它以批判现实的态度揭示了美国社会的种种阴暗面,展示了现代社会人的疏离与孤独。这也是“美国新电影”的共同主题。该片深刻而又巧妙地嘲讽了美国政府的失控状态。多年来,好莱坞这个梦幻工厂总是把镜头对准中上层社会,粉饰现实,在20世纪70年代以前,美国电影很少触及美国下层社会的生活。施莱辛格敢于领风气之先,在20世纪60年代末率先直面大都会最底层小人物的凄凉悲惨的生活。
影片采用纪实手法,并加入意识流的长镜头、大色块和俯仰镜头,凸现牛仔来到大都市时眼花缭乱的主观感受。被媒体称为“纽约街头生活的风俗画”和“垃圾箱里的浪漫主义”。同时,施莱辛格在片中大师运用短镜头进行闪回,也成为本片影像风格的一大特征。施莱辛格对色彩的运用也很有特色。影片开始时为了表现乔对纽约的幻想,导演采用了高调摄影,在展示佛罗里达的情景时也用了明快的色调。但表现乔流落于纽约底层社会时采用了阴暗的低调,在嬉皮士聚会时则以迷幻的色调烘托气氛,将乔置身于灯红酒绿的大都市,让颓废的现代男女和天真的“西部牛仔”形成了鲜明的历史对照。
花絮:
·根据制片人杰罗姆·赫曼在双牒DVD中的解释,那句著名的台词“我正走在这里”,并不像传言中说的,完全只是照着剧本说出来的。出租汽车司机事实上是雇来为达斯汀·霍夫曼开车的一名演员。摄制组把这里的镜头处理得像是即兴表演一样。
·为了使自己的跛脚能在不同镜头中表现一致,达斯汀·霍夫曼始终在自己的鞋子中放了一些小石子。
·在为电影试镜之前,达斯汀·霍夫曼知道自己这副美国人十足的外表,一定能轻而易举获得这个角色。为了证明他能做到这一点,他告诉制片人在曼哈顿一个街的拐角处和他见面,同时把自己穿得破破烂烂。制片人来到约好的拐角处等待着,几乎没有留意不到十英尺以内有个正在向人们乞讨的叫花子。最后,这个乞丐冲他走过来,显示出自己的真正身份。
·唯一一部获得奥斯卡最佳影片奖的X限制级别的电影。
·电影在1969年最初发行的时候,定的级别是“X”(17岁以上才能观看),但由于色情导演在级别上的滥用导致这一级别迅速变得和色情电影有关。由于在划分级别的早些时候,背负了X级别的坏名声,这部电影在1971年有了新的级别R(16岁以下儿童必须由家长或法定监护人陪同观看),其他没有任何改动或删节。
·《毕业生》The Graduate (1967)十几岁的女影迷们,看到达斯汀·霍夫曼出现在纽约街头拍摄电影,都惊声尖叫起来,虽然他当时穿着破烂的戏服,扮演里佐。
·电影台词“我正走在这里!我正走在这里!”被美国电影协会选入100句电影台词,名列第27位。
精彩对白:
Joe Buck: I only get carsick on boats. 。
乔·巴克:我只是在船上才会晕车。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------。
Shirley: You fell. Hey fella, you fell. 。
雪莉:你被打倒了,嘿,小伙子,你被打倒了。
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Ratso Rizzo: You know, in my own place, my name ain't Ratso. I mean, it just so happens that in my own place my name is Enrico Salvatore Rizzo. 。
拉茨·里佐:你知道,在我的地盘,我的名字就是拉茨。我是说,这只发生在我的地盘,我的名字是恩里克·塞尔瓦托·里佐,
Joe Buck: Well, I can't say all that. 。
乔·巴克:好的,我不能说全部。
Ratso Rizzo: Rico, then. 。
拉茨·里佐:那么就说里科。
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Gretel McAlbertson: Why are you stealing food? 。
格里提·迈克阿尔伯特:你为什么要偷食物?
Ratso Rizzo: I was just, uh, noticing that you're out of salami. I think you oughtta have somebody go over to the delicatessen, you know, bring some more back. 。
拉茨·里佐:我只是,嗯,注意到你露出了一些意大利腊肠。我想你会叫别人去熟食店,你知道的,多带一些回来。
Gretel McAlbertson: Gee, well, you know, it's free. You don't have to steal it. 。
格里提·迈克阿尔伯特:那么,你知道,这是免费的,你没有必要偷它。
Ratso Rizzo: Well, if it's free, then I ain't stealin'. 。
拉茨·里佐:好的,如果是免费的,那么我就不是偷了。
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Joe Buck: I like the way I look. Makes me feel good, it does. And women like me, goddammit. Hell, the only one thing I ever been good for is lovin'. Women go crazy for me, that's a really true fact! Ratso, hell! Crazy Annie they had to send her away! 。
乔·巴克:我喜欢这么看。这么做确实让我感觉很好。女人们喜欢我,该死的地狱,唯一一件事情是,我是多么向往爱情。女人们为我疯狂,这的确如此!拉茨,该死!发疯的安妮他们必须把她送走!
百度知道
鉴别黄金需要有一定的经验。简单地介绍一些鉴别方法。但最好还是去金店!
(1)看颜色:黄金首饰纯度越高,色泽越深。在没有对金牌的情况下可按下列色泽确定大体成色(以青金为准则。所谓青金是黄金内只含白银成分);深赤黄色成色在95%以上,浅赤黄色90--95%,淡黄色为80--85%,青黄色65—70%,色青带白光只有50--60%,微黄而呈白色就不到50%了。通常所说的七青、八黄、九赤可作参考。(2)掂重量:黄金的比重为19.32,重于银、铜、铅、锌、铝等金属。如同体积的黄金比白银重40%以上,比铜重1.2倍,比铝重6.1倍。黄金饰品托在手中应有沉坠之感,假金饰品则觉轻飘。此法不适用于镶嵌宝石的黄金饰品。
(3)看硬度:纯金柔软、硬度低,用指甲能划出浅痕,牙咬能留下牙印,成色高的黄金饰品比成色低的柔软,含铜越多越硬,折弯法也能试验硬度,纯金柔软,容易折弯,纯度越低,越不易折弯。
(4)听声音:成色在99%以上的真金往硬地上抛掷,会发出叭哒声,有声无韵也无弹力。假的或成色低的黄金声音脆而无沉闷感,一般发出“当当”响声,而且声有余音,落地后跳动剧烈。
(5)用火烧:用火将要鉴别的饰品烧红(不要使饰品熔化变形),冷却后观察颜色变化,如表面仍呈原来黄金色泽则是纯金;如颜色变暗或不同程度变黑,则不是纯金。一般成色越低,颜色越浓,全部变黑,说明是假金饰品。
(6)看标记:国产黄金饰品都是按国际标准提纯配制成的,并打上戮记,如“24K”标明“足赤”或“足金”;18K金,标明“18K”字样,成色低于loK者,按规定就不能打K金印号了。目前社会上不法分子常用制造假牌号、仿制戳记,用稀金、亚金、甚至黄铜冒充真金,因而鉴别黄金饰品要根据样品进行综合判定来确定真假和成色高低。
黄金饰品成色的准确鉴别常用方法有两种。
(1)试金石法:选择质地细腻的黑色试金石,用含金量不等的标准试金片(对金牌)在试金石上划出痕迹,再将所要鉴定的金饰样品在同一试金石上划痕,滴上浓硝酸去掉杂质,找出留在试金石上的痕迹与所划的试金片痕迹对比,找出与饰品样品一样的色度,对照样品金的标准度,即为所要测定金饰样品的准确含金量。
(2)化学法:又称试剂点试法。黄金不溶于单独的硝酸、硫酸和盐酸之中,而银、铜等成分均能与硝酸起化学反应而被溶解。取金饰样品。将硝酸点在某一部位,如是黄金则不会变色,如是银制品,则会生成氧化银而变黑;如是铜制品,生成二价铜盐而冒绿色泡沫。对含金量在95%以上的金饰品,用硝酸点试,表面变化很小。