DERMO-EXPERTSE 。
VISIBLE RADIANCE 。
RENEWINC CEL TONER 。
Evens skin tone 。
Immediately boosts radiance 。
Diminishes appearance of pores 。
anti-ageing cleansing 。
--------------------。
真皮-专业知识
有形的光芒
renewinc cleansinc牛奶。
水螅- novil +维生素C 。
cieanses和detoxifies 。
新增的光芒
改善皮肤纹理
抗老化清洁
loreal .
风华正茂时,请不要用化妆品。如果真的听点意见的话,你可以从下面的化装品中找到你想要的:雅芳(Avon)、雅诗兰黛(Este’e Lander)、倩碧(Clinique)、玉兰油(Oil & Ulan)、强生(Johnson & Johnson)、露华侬(RevLon)、美宝莲(Maybelline)、伊丽莎白·雅顿(Eilzabeth Arden)、潘婷(Penten)、海飞丝(Head & Shoulders)、高露洁(Colgare)、佳洁士(Cret)、尤特白(Ultra Brite)。法国品牌6个:欧莱雅(L’oreal)、夏奈尔(Chanel)、兰蔻(Lancome)、圣罗兰(YSL)、克里斯汀·迪奥(Christian Dior)、歌雯琪(Givenchy)。英国品牌3个:旁氏(Ponds)、凡士林(Vasekine)、克莱伦丝(Chrins)。德国品牌3个:妮维雅(Nivea)、威娜(Wella)、花牌(Fa)。日本品牌2个:资生堂(Shiaeibo)、花王(Kao)。
著名的海明威著名地引用过英国玄学诗人约翰·邓恩一段著名的布道辞,“谁都不是一座孤岛,任何人的死亡都使我受到损失,因为我包孕在人类之中,所以不要问丧钟为谁而鸣,它就是为你敲响”。
这段话表达的爱博大、美好,还有那么一点点抽象,只有身罹丧亲的人,才能体会到一部分的自己死在亲人之死里的切肤之痛吧。《充满奇想的一年》,讲的正是丧夫之痛。
作者琼·狄迪恩,美国著名的小说家和杂文家,1934年出生,年轻时曾做过记者和编辑工作。她和丈夫约翰·格里高利·邓恩,开始同为媒体从业者,后一起成为自由职业者,以写作为生,他们是左手和右手,既是生活伴侣,也是事业搭档,也是心灵的这一半和另一半,简单地说,他们双宿双飞,你写稿来我写稿,你出书来我出书,靠两支笔从贫贱的新婚小夫妻,走过半个世纪,走到著名的作家夫妻档。
2003年,琼·狄迪恩70岁,女儿金塔娜感染流感住院,女儿住院第五天,她的丈夫约翰·格里高利·邓恩吃晚饭时,心脏病发,抢救无效死亡。
琼·狄迪恩表现得块玻璃,外表格外坚强,冷静地处理着丈夫的后事,跟往常一样照顾着女儿,一直到女儿康复出院,但其实她内心脆弱,常常回忆起跟丈夫一块生活的细节,常常去诗歌去文学作品里寻求寄托,她不愿承认丈夫已一去不返,家里电话答录机留着的仍是丈夫的声音,家门口还留着丈夫的拖鞋,说不定哪一天他还会回来……
2004年,琼·狄迪恩照顾好女儿,重新开始一个人的生活,这时,丈夫约翰·格里高利·邓恩离开她已经10个月,她开始回忆,回忆丈夫,回忆悲伤。
琼·狄迪恩的回忆里,对丈夫的着墨并不太多,她把更多的注意力放在悲伤上面,她像科学家,也像她的老本行,一个记者一样,平静、客观地记述了女儿的病、丈夫的死、和他们过去共有的时光,其间穿插大量心理学、精神病学的分析,她要明白丈夫的死是怎么回事,她的悲伤是怎么回事。
“生活改变很快。生活瞬间改变。你坐下来吃晚饭,而你熟知的生活结束了。自怜的问题。”这是她在丈夫死去之初写下的几句话。随后这几句话,在整本书里,在记忆里像镜头一样不断闪回。
琼·狄迪恩的丧夫之痛是清醒的痛,理智的痛,试图战胜的痛。但在她平静的语调、朴素的语言之下,流淌的是一股压制不住的沉痛的暗涌。有人把她这本书说成美国版的《我们仨》,但其实,除了写作缘由和家庭人口结构很相似之外,两本书的表达方式和情感趋向很不一样,杨绛的表达是温和的悲伤之溪,一直静静地流淌流淌,感人至深,深到顺流成河为止。
琼·狄迪恩更擅长零度煽情,平静克制,内敛自醒,除了排解悲伤,她还把悼亡当作一个人生命题来求解。她认为哀悼其实就是自悼,“迟早有一天我们将会把死者摈弃,让他们走开,让他们死去”。她还反复引用杰拉德·曼利·霍普金斯的两句诗作为确认:“玛格丽特,你在哀悼的/是金色的树叶吗”和“这是人类与生俱来的宿命/你在哀悼的正是玛格丽特”。
这样的结论有些残酷,虽然可能接近事实。另外,比较悼亡文字的高低,也是一种全无心肝的残酷吧。
介绍你一个网址:
http://www.coffeereview.com/reference.cfm。
可查此块:
Coffee Glossary。
Click any letter below to view a pop-up list of useful coffee terms and definitions. 。
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 。
如:
AA. Capitalized letters are grade indicators usually describing the size of the bean。
Acidity, Acidy, Acid. Usually, the pleasant tartness of a fine coffee. Acidity, along with flavor, aroma, and body, is one of the principal categories used by professional tasters in cupping, or sensory evaluation of coffee. When not used to describe cup characteristics, the term acidity may refer to pH, or literal acidity, or to certain constituents present in coffee that ostensibly produce indigestion or nervousness in some individuals.。
After-Dinner Roast, Espresso Roast, Continental Roast, and European Roast. Terms for coffee brought to degrees of roast ranging from somewhat darker than the traditional American norm to dark brown. Acidity diminishes and a rich bitter-sweetness emerges. Among many newer American specialty roasters, roast styles once called by these names may in fact constitute the typical, "regular" roast of coffee.。
Aged Coffee, Vintage Coffee. Traditionally, coffee held in warehouses for several years, sometimes deliberately, sometimes inadvertently. Such aging reduces acidity and increases body. Aged coffee has been held longer than either old crop coffee or mature coffee. Recently, some Indonesia coffee has been subject to a sort of accelerated aging involving deliberate exposure to moist air, much like India's monsooned coffee.。
Alajuela. Market name for one of the better coffees of Costa Rica.。
Altura. "Heights" in Spanish; describes Mexico coffee that has been high- or mountain-grown.。
American Roast. Coffee roasted to traditional American taste: medium brown.。
Americano, Caffè Americano. An espresso lengthened with hot water.。
Ankola. Seldom-used market name for arabica coffee from northern Sumatra.。
Antigua. Market name for one of the most distinguished coffees of Guatemala, from the valley surrounding the old capital of Guatemala Antigua.。
Aquapulp. Terms for a procedure in which the sticky fruit pulp, or mucilage, is removed from freshly picked coffee beans by scrubbing in machines. Mechanical demucilaging is gradually replacing the traditional wet processing procedure of removing mucilage by fermentation and washing.。
Arabian Mocha. Single-origin coffee from the southwestern tip of the Arabian peninsula, bordering the Red Sea, in the mountainous regions of present-day Yemen. The world's oldest cultivated coffee, distinguished by its full body and distinctively rich, winy acidity.。
Arabica, Coffea Arabica. The earliest cultivated species of coffee tree and still the most widely grown. It produces approximately 70% of the world's coffee, and is dramatically superior in cup quality to the other principal commercial coffee species, Coffea canephora or Robusta . All fine, specialty, and fancy coffees come from Coffea arabica trees.。
Aroma. The fragrance produced by hot, freshly brewed coffee. Aroma, along with flavor, acidity, and body, is one of the principal categories used by professional tasters in cupping, or sensory evaluation of coffee.。
Arusha. Market name for coffee from the slopes of Mt. Meru in Tanzania.。
Automatic Filter-Drip Coffee Makers. Coffee brewers that automatically heat and measure water into a filter and filter receptacle containing the ground coffee.。
被称为民族大熔炉的国家有美国,苏里南,加拿大,巴西等美洲国家。
人们常说美国是个大熔炉,能熔化移民到美国的各个种族和民族。据本文作者介绍,英国简直也是一个种族和民族的熔炉,现在的新生儿,每五个中至少有一个是黑人和白人的混血儿(俗称chocolate baby"巧克力宝宝")。种族主义并未销声匿迹,而是随着经济形势的好坏时起时落。作者预计50年后英国少数民族的特性大部分将会丧失。作为一个"对自己的文化根源深感自豪的民族社区",英国华人能保持自己的民族身份吗?
I find it easiest to look forwards by looking back, to the "Great Labour Migration"1 of 1948-55, seenat the time as a matter of2 black guests coming to a white host. It's a quasi-imperial3 perception that4 has shifted since the 1970s, but the social problems and deficiencies it engendered dog5 us still.。
It's highly questionable whether Britain is an open society even now. Against6 the upward trend in the 1980s of ethnic minorities breaking into the professions and the media must be set objective evidence of a very racist society7. Since the Stephen Lawrence affair8 the government has at least been talking about the existence of racism, but it's always the case that racism diminishes in times of prosperity. When the economic going gets tough9, people want someone to take their feelings out on10.。
The social landscape11 seems to me at a surreal crossroads. Britain fosters images of itself as homogeneous12 ?to be white is no longer the central defining feature?but there remain various kinds of "Britishness". So I can envisage the future in two very different ways.。
The first is broadly the way Britain is at the moment: a mosaic of communities13 ?Bangladeshi, Afro-Caribbean, Chinese or Jewish holding fast to a strong social identity, but lumbered also with14 a whole raft of15 benefits and disadvantages, most of them defined in economic terms16. It's possible that will still be the pattern in 50 years time, but not very likely.。
Instead17, I expect the old duality of a "host community" and "immigrants" whose bad luck it is to be excluded and disadvantaged to have vanished18. Some ethnic communities may make a point of19 survival, but only those who are most proud of their cultural roots.。
The alternative20 is a pick-and-mix social landscape. At the moment ethnic minorities are moving in different directions at different rates, with personal and social engagement across ethnic boundaries increasing all the time. One crude indicator is the level of mixed-race marriage: one in five Bangladeshi and Pakistani men born in Britain now has a white wife, and one in five babies born in Britain has one Afro-Caribbean and one white parent.。
This implies a Britain in which people will21 construct multiple identities defined by all sorts of factors: class, ethnicity, gender, religion, profession, culture and economic position. It22 won't be clear-cut. Not all ethnic minorities, or members of an ethnic minority, will be moving in the same direction or identifying the same issues at the heart of their identities. It's about deciding who you are, but also about how other people define you.。
That's what will be at the heart of the next 50 years: enduring communities linked by blood through time versus23 flexible, constantly shifting identities. Identity won't be about where you have come from; it will be a set of values you can take anywhere that is compatible with24 full participation in whichever society you live in.。
(From CAM: Cambridge Alumni Magazine, No. 28, 1999)。
民族特性
我发觉展望未来的最简便方法是回顾过去。1948-55年的"劳工大迁移"在当时被视为黑皮肤客人来到白皮肤主人家。这种带有帝国意识的看法自20世纪70年代以来已有转变,不过它产生的诸多社会问题和缺陷依然跟随着我们。
即便到现在英国是不是个开放社会仍令人怀疑。鉴于少数民族打入专业性职业和媒体在20世纪80年代已呈上升趋势,必须拿出客观证据才能说社会上有严重的种族歧视。斯蒂文·劳伦斯事件后,政府至少一直在谈论种族主义的存在,但情况总是:每逢经济繁荣,种族主义问题便减少;每逢经济不景气,人们就想拿什么人撒气。
在我看来,社会形势正处于一个超现实的十字路口。英国总让人觉得它是个单一民族国家--尽管白皮肤不再是英国人的核心定义性特征,但仍存在各种"英国人特性"。因此我可以把未来设想成两种截然不同的局面。
一种大体是英国目前的样子:马赛克式的多元社区--孟加拉人、非洲裔加勒比人、华人或犹太人,各自保持其牢靠的社会身份,但也受一大堆好处和坏处的拖累,这些利弊大多是经济方面的。五十年后可能仍是这种格局,但可能性不太大。
相反,我预计"主流社区"和"外来移民"(其厄运就是受排挤和吃亏)那种老的二元结构到时候将会消失。一些少数民族社区可能会力求生存,但只会是那些对自己的文化根源深感自豪的社区。
可能性较大的是出现一种拼凑式的社会局面。少数民族目前正以不同速度朝不同方向发展,个人及社会跨越民族界线的交往一直在增加。一个显而易见的标志就是异族通婚的程度:英国出生的孟加拉裔和巴基斯坦裔男子现在有五分之一娶了白人妻子,英国出生的婴儿有五分之一父母一方是非洲裔加勒比人另一方是白种人。
这就意味着在英国人们将构建由阶级、民族、性别、宗教、职业、文化和经济地位等各种因素界定的多重身份,结果不会一清二楚。并非所有少数民族(或少数民族的成员)都将朝同一方向发展,或认定同一些问题构成他们身份的核心。这关系到决定自己是谁,也关系到别人如何界定自己。
这就是今后五十年的核心问题:一方面是靠长期血缘关系而延续的各个社区,一方面是灵活而不断转变的各种身份。身份将不是你来自哪里的问题;而是一套你可以带到任何地方的价值观,不论你生活在哪个社会,它都不妨碍你完全加入。
(选自《剑桥校友杂志》1999年第28期)。
1. Great Labour Migration:英国在二战之后由于缺乏劳动力,从海外,特别是加勒比地区、孟加拉和巴基斯坦,招募了大量劳工,史称"劳工大迁移"。
2. a matter of:这里'一件……事'的意思不必译出。
3. quasi-imperial perception: '准帝国观念'也就是"带有帝国意识的看法"。
4. It's ... that...:这里如按定语从句来译,中文读起来不自然。
5. dog:动词,意思是'尾随,缠'。
6. against:这里的意思是'在……的背景下',可以译成"鉴于"。
7. Against ... society:这是一个倒装句,正常语序是Objective evidence ... must be set against the upward trend ...。作者显然不认为英国存在严重的种族主义,因此这句话得译成"鉴于...,必须拿出客观证据才能说社会上有严重的种族歧视。"。
8. Stephen Lawrence affair: 1993年4月22日英国黑人青年斯蒂文·劳伦斯在伦敦街头被一伙白人种族主义青年杀死。由于执法机关破案不力,提不出充分证据起诉犯罪嫌疑人。这件事在英国引起强烈反响。1997年7月31日,英国内务部宣布对"劳伦斯事件"进行公开调查。1999年2月公布的调查报告认为执法机关内部存在"机构性种族主义"(institutional racism)。犯罪嫌疑人至今仍逍遥法外。
9. When ... tough:英语有句俗话When the going gets tough, the tough get going.(形势困难方显硬汉),这里套用了其前半句,意思是'经济形势变困难时',可以译成"每逢经济不景气"。
10. people ... on:相当于people want to take out their feelings on someone。take sth. out on sb.的意思是'拿某人撒气'。
11. landscape:与political、social等词搭配时,意思是'形势、局面、格局'。
12. fosters ... homogeneous: foster images的意思是'促使树立形象/给人印象',homogeneous的意思是'同质的,单一的',合在一起,意思是"让人觉得它是个单一民族国家"。
13. a mosaic of communities:马赛克是用小色块拼成的图案,'社区拼成的马赛克'就是"马赛克式的多元社区"。
14. be lumbered with:受……的拖累。
15. a whole raft of:一大堆,大量。
16. defined in ... terms:是从...角度考虑的。这里译成"是经济方面的"更简单一些。
17. instead:这是一个话语标记,承接前面的否定句,引出下面表示肯定的句子。汉语在某种程度上与之对应的是"倒是"、"相反"。
18. I expect ... vanished:这个句子中间加了一个定语从句使得结构有些复杂,去掉定语从句后,句子的主干是I expect the old duality of a "host community" and "immigrants" to have vanished(我预计"主人社区"和"外来移民"那种老的二元结构到时候将会消失),定语从句whose bad luck it is to be excluded and disadvantaged(其厄运就是受排挤和吃亏)限定的是immigrants。
19. make a point of:后面接动名词或表示动作的名词时,意思是'刻意,力求,力争'。
20. the alternative:前面说了"可能性不大",另一个选择就是"可能性较大"。
21. This ... will:按定语从句译,译文会很别扭。这里可以按This implies that in Britain people will译。
22. it:从上下文来看,其所指应当是构建的结果。
23. versus:这里按通例译成"对"不容易把意思表达清楚,不妨用"一方面……一方面"表示对立的双方。
24. be compatible with: '与……相容'就是"不妨碍"。C14。