Queensland-60

昆士兰州有哪些城市

建立于1909年12月10日，是昆士兰州规模最大、历史最悠久的大学。商科是在墨尔本大学之后涌向出来的又一所澳洲名校(商学院也多次获得权委的AMBA、EQUIS等证书)，商科(会计，金融)，翻译(同声传译)，工程(水资源管理，城市规划，电子工程)，信息技术，商法都是中国学生申请的首选。澳大利亚最新就业率排名第二。该校位于澳洲旅游胜地昆士兰州，学生在课余时间较为容易找到兼职。

2015-2016年QS排名是46。

2015-2016年Times排名是60。

学费：约33280澳元/学年

澳大利亚有哪些大学

昆士兰州主要有三大城市第一大城为首府布里斯班，第二大城是观光重镇黄金海岸，其次是凯恩斯。

黄金海岸有冲浪者天堂、世界名牌一条街、美食、以及电影世界、梦幻世界、水上世界而闻名于世，是澳洲旅游必去之地。首府布里斯班距黄金海岸车程45-60分钟，所以也很多旅游者去。

凯恩斯（Cairns），是澳大利亚昆士兰州北部的滨海城市和一个地方行政区域，其大堡礁极其出名，也是观赏澳大利亚热带雨林区的首选。由于它的旅游设施齐全，旅游产品的种类繁多，成为澳大利亚旅游观光业中最重要的一个旅游风景区。

澳大利亚哪些大学好

澳大利亚的大学排名统计：

一、学校声望

五星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE,1874年建）、国立大学（ANU,1946年建）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE,1853年建）、莫那什大学（MONASH,1958年建）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND,1909年建）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY,1851年建）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW1949年建）、西澳大学（UWA,1911年建）。

四星级：科廷大学（CURTIN,1987年建）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE,1964年建）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE,1965年建）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT,1988年建）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA,1890年建）、悉尼科技大学（UTS,1990年建）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG,1975年建）。

三星级：笛肯大学（DEAKIN,1974年建）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS,1966年建）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH,1971年建）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU,1970年建）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE,1964年建）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH,1973年建）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT,1992年建）、南澳大学（UniSA,1991年建）。 二星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU,1991年建）、堪培拉大学（CANBERRA,1990年建）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU,1990年建）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU,1991年建）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE,1992年建）、新英格兰大学（UNE,1954年建）。

一星级：巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT,1994年建）、中昆大学（CQU,1992年建）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS,1994年建）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST,1999年建）、南昆大学（USQ,1992年建）、西悉尼大学（UWS,1989年建）、维多利亚大学（VC,1992年建）。

二、非政府投资

五星级：中昆大学（CQU）、科廷大学（CURTIN）、笛肯大学（DEAKIN）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）。

四星级：墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）、西澳大学（UWA）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

三星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、维多利亚大学（VC）。 二星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、国立大学（ANU）、巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、南澳大学（UniSA）、南昆大学（USQ）。

一星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

三、学生需求

五星级：麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、西澳大学（UWA）。

四星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、国立大学（ANU）、科廷大学（CURTIN）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）。

三星级：费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）、南澳大学（UniSA）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

二星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、查理斯特得大学（CSU）、中昆大学（CQU）、笛肯大学（DEAKIN）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、南昆大学（USQ）。

一星级：巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、西悉尼大学（UWS）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

四、科研经费

五星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、国立大学（ANU）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、西澳大学（UWA）。

四星级：科廷大学（CURTIN）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

三星级：笛肯大学（DEAKIN）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、南澳大学（UniSA）。

二星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）、西悉尼大学（UWS）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

一星级：巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、邦得大学（BOND）、中昆大学（CQU）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、南昆大学（USQ）。

五、科研集约度

五星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、国立大学（ANU）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、西澳大学（UWA）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

四星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、科廷大学（CURTIN）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）。

三星级：笛肯大学（DENKIN）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）。

二星级：查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、南澳大学（UniSA）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

一星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、邦得大学（BOND）、中昆大学（CQU）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、南昆大学（USQ）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

六、入学灵活度

五星级：南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、南昆大学（USQ）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

四星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、中昆大学（CQU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

三星级：巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、科廷大学（CURTIN）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、南澳大学（UniSA）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

二星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、国立大学（ANU）、笛肯大学（DENKIN）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）。

一星级：邦得大学（BOND）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、西澳大学（UWA）。

七、性别平衡

五星级：拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）。

四星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）、南澳大学（UniSA）、南昆大学（USQ）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

三星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、中昆大学（CQU）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）。

二星级：国立大学（ANU）、科廷大学（CURTIN）、笛肯大学（DENKIN）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

一星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）。

八、地方参与

五星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、南十字星大学（SOUTHRNCROSS）、塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）。

四星级：科廷大学（CURTIN）、笛肯大学（DENKIN）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）。

三星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）、南澳大学（UniSA）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、南昆大学（USQ）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

二星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

一星级：国立大学（ANU）、巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、西悉尼大学（UWS）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

九、高中毕业生入学比例

五星级：阿德雷德大学（ADELAIDE）、巴拉拉特大学（BALLARAT）、拉特伯大学（LATROBE）、墨尔本大学（MELBOURNE）、斯文本大学（SWINBURNE）悉尼大学（SYDNEY）、西澳大学（UWA）。

四星级：澳大利亚天主教大学（ACU）、国立大学（ANU）、莫那什大学（MONASH）、昆士兰大学（QUEENSLAND）、新南威尔士大学（UNSW）、悉尼科技大学（UTS）、卧龙冈大学（WOLLONGONG）。

三星级：科廷大学（CURTIN）、笛肯大学（DENKIN）、费林德斯大学（FLINDERS）、詹母斯库克大学（JCU）、麦考瑞大学（MACQUARE）、纽卡斯尔大学（NEWCASTLE）、皇家墨尔本理工大学（RMIT）、南澳大学（UniSA）、维多利亚大学（VC）。

二星级：堪培拉大学（CANBERRA）、中昆大学（CQU）、艾迪斯科文大学（ECU）、格理菲斯大学（GRIFFITH）、莫道克大学（MURDOCH）、昆士兰理工大学（QUT）塔斯马尼亚大学（TASMANIA）、西悉尼大学（UWS）。

一星级：邦得大学（BOND）、查理斯斯特得大学（CSU）、阳光海岸大学（SUNSHINECOAST）、新英格兰大学（UNE）、南昆大学（USQ）。

大堡礁（Great Barrier Reef Queensland, Australia）英文介绍

澳大利亚大学名单（教育部认可）答案格式为：序号+学校英文+学校中文+所在地。

1AustralianCatholicUniversity澳大利亚天主教大学澳大利亚。

2BondUniversity邦德大学澳大利亚。

3CentralQueenslandUniversity中央昆士兰大学澳大利亚。

4CharlesDarwinUniversity查尔斯达尔文大学澳大利亚。

5CharlesSturtUniversity查尔斯·斯图尔特大学澳大利亚。

6CurtinUniversityofTechnology科廷理工大学澳大利亚。

7DeakinUniversity迪金大学澳大利亚。

8EdithCowanUniversity伊迪思考恩大学澳大利亚。

9FlindersUniversity弗林德斯大学澳大利亚。

10GriffithUniversity格里菲斯大学澳大利亚。

11JamesCookUniversity詹姆斯库克大学澳大利亚。

12LaTrobeUniversity乐卓博（原名拉筹伯）大学澳大利亚。

13MacquarieUniversity麦格理大学澳大利亚。

14MonashUniversity蒙纳士大学澳大利亚。

15MurdochUniversity默多克大学澳大利亚。

16NationalInstituteofDramaticArts国立戏剧学院澳大利亚。

17QueenslandUniversityofTechnology昆士兰科技大学澳大利亚。

18RMITUniversityRMIT大学澳大利亚。

19SouthernCrossUniversity南十字大学澳大利亚。

20SwinburneUniversityofTechnology斯温本科技大学澳大利亚。

21TheAustralianNationalUniversity澳大利亚国立大学澳大利亚。

22TheCollegeofLaw法学院澳大利亚。

23TheUniversityofAdelaide阿德莱德大学澳大利亚。

24TheUniversityofMelbourne墨尔本大学澳大利亚。

25TheUniversityofNewEngland新英格兰大学澳大利亚。

26TheUniversityofNewSouthWales新南威尔士大学澳大利亚。

27TheUniversityofNewcastle纽卡斯尔大学澳大利亚。

28TheUniversityofNotreDameAustralia澳大利亚圣母大学澳大利亚。

29TheUniversityofQueensland昆士兰大学澳大利亚。

30TheUniversityofSydney悉尼大学澳大利亚。

31TheUniversityofWesternAustralia西澳大利亚大学澳大利亚。

32TopEducationInstitute高等教育学院澳大利亚。

33FederationUniversityAustralia（原UniversityofBallarat）澳大利亚联邦大学（巴拉瑞特原大学）澳大利亚。

34UniversityofCanberra堪培拉大学澳大利亚。

35UniversityofSouthAustralia南澳大学澳大利亚。

36UniversityofSouthernQueensland南昆士兰大学澳大利亚。

37UniversityofTasmania塔斯马尼亚大学澳大利亚。

38UniversityofTechnologySydney悉尼科技大学澳大利亚。

39UniversityoftheSunshineCoast阳光海岸大学澳大利亚。

40UniversityofWollongong卧龙岗大学澳大利亚。

41VictoriaUniversity维多利亚大学澳大利亚。

42WesternSydneyUniversity西悉尼大学澳大利亚。

43CanberraInstituteofTechnology堪培拉理工学院澳大利亚首都特区。

44HunterInstituteofTechnology猎人技术学院新南威尔士州。

45IllawarraInstituteofTAFE伊拉瓦拉TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

46NewEnglandInstituteofTAFE新英格兰TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

47NorthCoastInstituteofTAFE北海岸研究所TAFE新南威尔士州。

48NorthernSydneyInstituteofTAFE北悉尼TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

49RiverinaInstituteofTAFE里维纳TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

50SouthWesternSydneyInstituteofTAFE西南悉尼TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

51SydneyInstituteofTechnology悉尼理工学院新南威尔士州。

52WesternInstituteofTAFE西方TAFE学院新南威尔士州。

53WesternSydneyInstituteofTAFE西悉尼TAFE研究所新南威尔士州。

54CharlesDarwinUniversity查尔斯达尔文大学北领地。

55TAFEQueenslandGoldCoastTAFE昆士兰黄金海岸昆士兰州。

56TAFEQueenslandSkillsTechTAFE昆士兰技能科技有限公司昆士兰州。

57TAFEQueenslandBrisbaneTAFE昆士兰布里斯班昆士兰州。

58TAFEQueenslandEastCoastTAFE昆士兰东海岸昆士兰州。

59TAFEQueenslandSouthWestTAFE昆士兰西南部昆士兰州。

60TAFEQueenslandNorthTAFE昆士兰北部昆士兰州。

61TAFESouthAustralia（TAFESA）南澳大利亚技术与继续教育学院南澳大利亚州。

62TheInstituteofTAFETasmaniaTAFE塔斯马尼亚研究所塔斯马尼亚州。

63BendigoRegionalInstituteofTAFE本迪戈区域研究所维多利亚州。

64BoxHillInstituteofTAFE箱山学院TAFE维多利亚州。

65CentralGippslandInstituteofTAFE中央吉普斯兰学院TAFE维多利亚州。

66ChisholmInstituteofTAFE蔡司学院TAFE维多利亚州。

67EastGippslandInstituteofTAFE东吉普斯兰学院TAFE维多利亚州。

68GordonInstituteofTAFE戈登学院TAFE维多利亚州。

69GoulburnOvensInstituteofTAFEGoulburn烤箱研究所TAFE维多利亚州。

70HolmesglenInstituteofTAFEHolmesglenTAFE研究所维多利亚州。

71KanganBatmanInstituteofTAFEKangan蝙蝠侠学院TAFE维多利亚州。

72MelbournePolytechnic墨尔本理工学院维多利亚州。

73RMITUniversity(TAFEDivision)RMIT大学（TAFE部）维多利亚州。

74SouthWestInstituteofTAFE西南TAFE研究所维多利亚州。

75SunraysiaInstituteofTAFE太平洋研究所维多利亚州。

76SwinburneUniversityofTechnology(TAFEDivision)斯温本科技大学（TAFE部）维多利亚州。

77UniversityofBallarat(TAFEDivision)巴拉瑞特大学（TAFE部）维多利亚州。

78TheUniversityofMelbourneInstituteofLandandFoodResources(TAFEDivision)墨尔本大学国土资源研究所（TAFE部）维多利亚州。

79VictoriaUniversity(TAFEDivision)维多利亚大学（TAFE部）维多利亚州。

80WilliamAnglissInstituteofTAFE威廉·安格利斯TAFE研究所维多利亚州。

81WodongaInstituteofTAFE沃顿加TAFE学院维多利亚州。

82CentralWestCollegeofTAFE中西部TAFE学院西澳大利亚州。

83ChallengerTAFE挑战者TAFE西澳大利亚州。

84CurtinUniversityofTechnology*科廷科技大学*西澳大利亚州。

85CYO'ConnorCollegeofTAFECY奥康纳TAFE学院西澳大利亚州。

86GreatSouthernTAFE大南方TAFE西澳大利亚州。

87KimberleyCollegeofTAFE金伯利学院TAFE西澳大利亚州。

88PilbaraTAFE皮尔巴拉TAFE西澳大利亚州。

89PolytechnicWest理工学院西澳大利亚州。

90SouthWestRegionalCollegeofTAFE西南地区TAFE学院西澳大利亚州。

91TAFEInternationalWesternAustraliaTAFE国际西澳大利亚州西澳大利亚州。

92WestCoastCollegeofTAFE西海岸TAFE学院西澳大利亚州。

93HolmesInstitutePtyLtdastrusteeforHolmesInstituteTrust霍尔姆斯学院澳大利亚。

94KaplanBusinessSchoolPtyLimited卡普兰商学院澳大利亚。

95KaplanHigherEducationPtyLtd卡普兰高等教育有限公司澳大利亚。

96LeoCussenInstitute(formerlyLeoCussenInstituteforContinuingLegalEducation)利奥库森学院（原利奥库森继续法学教育学院）澳大利亚。

97MarcusOldhamCollege马库斯奥德汉姆学院澳大利亚。

98SAECreativeMediaInstituteSAE创意媒体学院澳大利亚。

99Think:CollegesPtyLtd新科学院澳大利亚。

100WhitehouseInstitutePtyLtd怀特豪斯学院澳大利亚。

101AvondaleCollegeLimited亚芳代尔学院澳大利亚。

102CarnegieMellonUniversity卡耐基梅隆大学澳大利亚。

103ICHMPtyLtd（InternationalCollegeofHotelManagement）国际酒店管理学院澳大利亚。

104MelbourneInstituteofTechnologyPtyLtd墨尔本技术学院澳大利亚。

105StudyGroupAustraliaPtyLimited澳大利亚学习集团澳大利亚。

106AustralianSchoolofManagementPtyLtd澳大利亚管理学校澳大利亚。

107BlueMountainsInternationalHotelManagementSchoolPtyLimited蓝山国际酒店管理学院澳大利亚。

108NationalArtSchool国立美术学校澳大利亚。

109SydneyInstituteofBusinessandTechnologyPtyLtd悉尼商业技术学院澳大利亚。

110QueenslandInstituteofBusiness&TechnologyPtyLtd昆士兰商业技术学院澳大利亚。

111SouthAustralianInstituteofBusinessandTechnologyPtyLtd南澳大利亚商业技术学院澳大利亚。

112MonashCollegePtyLtd莫纳什学院澳大利亚。

113EdithCowanCollegePtyLtd(formerlyPerthInstituteofBusinessandTechnologyPtyLtd)伊迪丝•考恩学院(原珀斯商业技术学院)澳大利亚。

114NewcastleInternationalCollegePtyLtd纽卡斯尔国际学院澳大利亚。

115CollegesofBusinessandTechnology(WA)PtyLtd西澳商业技术学院澳大利亚。

116EducationalEnterprisesAustraliaPtyLtd澳大利亚教育企业澳大利亚。

117InsearchLimitedInsearch学院澳大利亚。

118UOWCLtd(formerlyITCEducationLtd)卧龙岗大学学院澳大利亚。

119InternationalInstituteofBusinessandTechnology(Australia)PtyLtd澳大利亚国际商业技术学院澳大利亚。

120SPJainSchoolofGlobalManagementPtyLimitedSPJain全球管理学校澳大利亚。

121AcademyofInformationTechnologyPtyLtd信息技术学院澳大利亚。

122AcknowledgeEducationPtyLtd(formerlyStott'sCollegesPtyLtd)答谢教育有限公司（原斯道兹学院）澳大利亚。

123AsiaPacificInternationalCollegePtyLtd亚太国际学院澳大利亚。

124AustralianCollegeofNaturalMedicinePtyLtd澳大利亚天然药物学院澳大利亚。

125AustralianInstituteofHigherEducationPtyLtd澳大利亚高等教育学院澳大利亚。

126ACPELimited澳大利亚体育学院澳大利亚。

127GroupCollegesAustraliaPtyLtd澳大利亚集团学院澳大利亚。

128LeCordonBleuAustraliaPty.Limited澳大利亚蓝带学院澳大利亚。

129MacleayCollegePtyLimited麦克利学院澳大利亚。

130InternationalCollegeofManagement,SydneyPty.Limited悉尼国际管理学院澳大利亚。

131AcademiesAustralasiaPolytechnicPtyLimited(formerlyAMIEducationPtyLtd)澳大拉西亚理工学院（原AMI教育有限公司）澳大利亚。

132UniversityCollegeLondon伦敦大学学院澳大利亚。

133AcademyofDesignAustraliaLimited(formerlyAustralianAcademyofDesignInc)澳大利亚设计学院澳大利亚。

134AustralianAcademyofMusicandPerformingArts(formerlyInternationalConservatoriumofMusic(Aust))澳大利亚音乐与表演艺术学院（原国际音乐学院（澳大利亚））澳大利亚。

135AustralianInstituteofBusinessandManagementPtyLtd澳大利亚商业管理学院澳大利亚。

136AustralianInstituteofBusinessPtyLtd澳大利亚商业学院澳大利亚。

137JMCPty.LimitedJMC学院澳大利亚。

138NavitasProfessionalInstitutePtyLtd(formerlyAustralianCollegeofAppliedPsychologyPty.Limited)纳维达斯职业教育学院（原澳大利亚应用心理学院）澳大利亚。

139PhotographyHoldingsPtyLtd摄影控股有限公司澳大利亚。

140SydneyInstituteofHealthSciencesPty.Limited悉尼健康科学学院澳大利亚。

141TaborCollegeIncorporated泰柏学院澳大利亚。

142TheAustralianInstituteofMusicLimited澳大利亚音乐学院澳大利亚。

143TheCairnmillarInstitute凯尔米勒学院澳大利亚。

144KentInstituteAustraliaPtyLtd(formerlyTheCentreofAcademicExcellencePty.Ltd)澳大利亚肯特学院（原学术卓越中心）澳大利亚。

145WentworthInstituteofHigherEducationPtyLtd(formerlyVictoryInstituteofHigherEducationPtyLtd)文特沃斯高等教育学院（原胜利高等教育学院）澳大利亚。

146MelbourneInstituteofBusinessandTechnologyPtyLtd墨尔本商业技术学院澳大利亚。

147NavitasBundooraPtyLtd纳维达斯邦多拉有限公司澳大利亚。

148AustralianCollegeoftheArtsPtyLtd澳大利亚艺术学院澳大利亚。

149BureauofMeteorologyTrainingCentre澳大利亚气象局培训中心澳大利亚。

150EliteEducationInstitutePty.Ltd.英才教育学院澳大利亚。

151ExcelsiaCollege(formerlyWesleyInstitute)伊塞西雅学院（原卫斯理学院）澳大利亚。

152InstituteofHealth&ManagementPtyLtd健康与管理学院澳大利亚。

153OzfordInstituteofHigherEducationPtyLtd澳兹福德高等教育学院澳大利亚。

154PolytechnicInstituteAustraliaPtyLtd澳大利亚理工学院澳大利亚。

155RussoBusinessSchoolPtyLtd(formerlyRussoHigherEducation2PtyLtd)卢梭商学院（原卢梭高等教育学院）澳大利亚。

156SheridanCollegeInc.谢理丹学院澳大利亚。

157TorrensUniversityAustraliaLtd澳大利亚托伦斯大学澳大利亚。

158VictorianInstituteofTechnologyPtyLtd维多利亚理工学院澳大利亚。

159CampionInstituteLimited坎皮恩学院澳大利亚。

160NanTienInstituteLimited南天学院澳大利亚。

昆士兰大学的排名

转自维基百科

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef。

维基有中文版的如果LZ需要自己搜索下 中文版维基在大陆属于非法的 我就不帮贴出来了。

The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of roughly 3,000 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi).[3][4] The reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland in northeast Australia.。

The Great Barrier Reef can be seen from outer space and is the world's biggest single structure made by living organisms.[5] This reef structure is composed of and built by billions of tiny organisms, known as coral polyps.[6] The Great Barrier Reef supports a wide diversity of life, and was selected as a World Heritage Site in 1981.[1][2] CNN has labelled it one of the seven natural wonders of the world.[7] The Queensland National Trust has named it a state icon of Queensland.[8]。

A large part of the reef is protected by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, which helps to limit the impact of human use, such as overfishing and tourism. Other environmental pressures to the reef and its ecosystem include water quality from runoff, climate change accompanied by mass coral bleaching, and cyclic outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish.。

Physiography

The Great Barrier Reef is a distinct physiographic province of the larger East Australian Cordillera division.[citation needed] It encompasses the smaller Murray Islands physiographic section.[citation needed]。

Geology and geography。

Satellite image of part of the Great Barrier Reef adjacent to the Queensland coastal areas of Proserpine and Mackay.Australia moved northwards at a rate of 7 cm per year, starting during the Cainozoic.[9] Eastern Australia experienced a period of tectonic uplift, leading to the drainage divide in Queensland moving 400 km inland. Also during this time, Queensland experienced volcanic eruptions leading to central and shield volcanoes and basalt flows.[10] Some of these granitic outcrops have become high islands.[11] After the Coral Sea Basin was formed, coral reefs began to grow in the Basin, but until about 25 million years ago, northern Queensland was still in temperate waters south of the tropics - too cool to support coral growth.[12] The history of the development of the Great Barrier Reef is complex; after Queensland drifted into tropical waters, the history is largely influenced by how reefs fluctuate (grow and recede) as the sea level changes.[13] They can increase in diameter from 1 to 2 centimetres per year, and grow vertically anywhere from 1 to 15 centimetres (0.4–12 in) per year; however, they are limited to growing above a depth of 150 metres (492 ft) due to their need for sunlight, and cannot grow above sea level.[14] The land that formed the substrate of the current Great Barrier Reef was a coastal plain formed from the eroded sediments of the Great Dividing Range with some larger hills (some of which were themselves remnants of older reefs[15] or volcanoes[11]).[9] When Queensland moved into tropical waters 24 million years ago, some coral grew,[16] but a sedimentation regime quickly developed with erosion of the Great Dividing Range; creating river deltas, oozes and turbidites, which would have been unsuitable conditions for coral growth. 10 million years ago, the sea level significantly lowered, which further enabled the sedimentation.[17]。

The Reef Research Centre, a Cooperative Research Centre, has found coral 'skeleton' deposits that date back half a million years.[18]The GBRMPA considers the earliest evidence to suggest complete reef structures to have been 600,000 years ago.[19]。

According to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, the current, living reef structure is believed to have begun growing on the older platform about 20,000 years ago.[19] The Australian Institute of Marine Science agrees, which places the beginning of the growth of the current reef at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum. At around that time, the sea level was 120 metres (394 ft) lower than it is today.。

Heron Island, a coral cay in the southern Great Barrier Reef.From 20,000 years ago until 6,000 years ago, the sea level rose steadily. As it rose, the corals could then grow higher on the hills of the coastal plain. By around 13,000 years ago the sea level was 60 metres (197 ft) lower than the present day, and corals began to grow around the hills of the coastal plain, which were, by then, continental islands. As the sea level rose further still, most of the continental islands were submerged. The corals could then overgrow the hills, to form the present cays and reefs. Sea level on the Great Barrier Reef has not risen significantly in the last 6,000 years.[15]The CRC Reef Research Centre estimates the age of the present, living reef structure at 6,000 to 8,000 years old.[18]。

The remains of an ancient barrier reef similar to the Great Barrier Reef can be found in The Kimberley, a northern region of Western Australia.[20]。

The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area has been divided into 70 bioregions,[21] of which 30 are reef bioregions,[22] and 40 are non-reef bioregions.[23][24] In the northern part of the Great Barrier Reef, ribbon reefs and deltaic reefs have formed; these structures are not found in the rest of the Great Barrier Reef system.[18] There are no atolls in the system,[25] and reefs attached to the mainland are rare.[9]。

Fringing reefs are distributed widely, but are most common towards the southern part of the Great Barrier Reef, attached to high islands, for example, the Whitsunday Islands. Lagoonal reefs are also found in the southern Great Barrier Reef, but there are some of these found further north, off the coast of Princess Charlotte Bay. Cresentic reefs are the most common shape of reef in the middle of the Great Barrier Reef system, for example the reefs surrounding Lizard Island. Cresentic reefs are also found in the far north of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, and in the Swain Reefs (20-22 degrees South). Planar reefs are found in the northern and southern parts of the Great Barrier Reef, near Cape York, Princess Charlotte Bay, and Cairns. Most of the islands on the reef are found on planar reefs.[26]。

Ecology

Green sea turtle on the Great Barrier ReefThe Great Barrier Reef supports a diversity of life, including many vulnerable or endangered species, some of which may be endemic to the reef system.[27][28]。

Thirty species of whales, dolphins, and porpoises have been recorded in the Great Barrier Reef, including the dwarf minke whale, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, and the humpback whale. Large populations of dugongs live there.[29][30][28]。

Six species of sea turtles come to the reef to breed – the green sea turtle, leatherback sea turtle, hawksbill turtle, loggerhead sea turtle, flatback turtle, and the olive ridley. The green sea turtles on the Great Barrier Reef have two genetically distinct populations, one in the northern part of the reef and the other in the southern part.[31] Fifteen species of seagrass in beds attract the dugongs and turtles,[29] and provide a habitat for fish.[32] The most common genera of seagrasses are Halophila and Halodule.[33]。

Salt water crocodiles live in mangrove and saltmarshes on the coast near the reef.[34]Nesting has not been reported, and the salt water crocodile population in the GBRWHA is wide-ranging and with a low population density.[35] Around 125 species of shark, stingray, skates or chimera live on the reef,[36][37] including the irukandji jellyfish. Close to 5,000 species of mollusc have been recorded on the reef, including the giant clam and various nudibranchs and cone snails.[29] Forty-nine species of pipefish and nine species of seahorse have been recorded.[35] At least seven species of frog can be found on the islands.[38]。

215 species of birds (including 22 species of seabirds and 32 species of shorebirds) are attracted to the reef or nest or roost on the islands,[39] including the white-bellied sea eagle and roseate tern.[29] Most nesting sites are on islands in the northern and southern regions of the Great Barrier Reef, with 1.4-1.7 million birds using the sites to breed.[40][41] The islands of the Great Barrier Reef also support 2,195 known plant species; three of these are endemic. The northern islands have 300-350 plant species which tend to be woody, whereas the southern islands have 200 which tend to be herbaceous; the Whitsunday region is the most diverse, supporting 1,141 species. The plant species are spread by birds.[38]。

Seventeen species of sea snake live on the Great Barrier Reef. They take three or four years to reach sexual maturity and are long-lived but with low fertility. They are usually benthic, but the species that live on the soft sediment differ from those that live on the reefs themselves. They live in warm waters up to 50 metres (164 ft) deep and are more common in the southern than in the northern part of the reef. None of the sea snakes found in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area are endemic to the reef, nor are any of them endangered.[35]。

More than 1,500 species of fish live on the reef, including the clownfish, red bass, red-throat emperor, and several species of snapper and coral trout.[29] Forty-nine species are known to mass spawn, with eighty-four other species found on the reef spawning elsewhere in their range.[42]。

There are at least 330 species of ascidians found on the reef system, ranging in size from 1 mm-10 cm in diameter. Between 300-500 species of bryozoans are found on the reef system.[37]。

Four hundred species of corals, both hard corals and soft corals are found on the reef.[29] The majority of these spawn gametes, breeding in mass spawning events that are controlled by the rising sea temperatures of spring and summer, the lunar cycle, and the diurnal cycle. Reefs in the inner Great Barrier Reef spawn during the week after the full moon in October, but the outer reefs spawn in November and December.[43] The common soft corals on the Great Barrier Reef belong to 36 genera.[44] Five hundred species of marine algae or seaweed live on the reef,[29] including thirteen species of the genus Halimeda, which deposit calcareous mounds up to 100 m wide, creating mini-ecosystems on their surface which have been compared to rainforest cover.[45]。

Environmental threats。

Main article: Environmental threats to the Great Barrier Reef。

Bioerosion (coral damage) such as this may be caused by coral bleaching.[46]The most significant threat to the Great Barrier Reef is climate change.[47][48] Mass coral bleaching events due to rising ocean temperatures occurred in of the summers of 1998, 2002 and 2006,[49] and coral bleaching will likely become an annual occurrence.[50] A draft report by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states that the Great Barrier Reef is at grave risk and will be "functionally extinct" by 2030.[50] Climate change has implications for other forms of life on the Great Barrier Reef as well - some fish's preferred temperature range lead them to seek new areas to live, thus causing chick mortality in seabirds that prey on the fish. Climate change will also affect the population and available habitat of sea turtles.[51]。

Sea Temperature and Bleaching of the Great Barrier ReefAnother key threat faced by the Great Barrier Reef is pollution and declining water quality. The rivers of north eastern Australia provide significant pollution of the Reef during tropical flood events with over 90% of this pollution being sourced from farms.[52] Farm run-off is polluted as a result of overgrazing and excessive fertiliser and pesticide use. Due to the range of human uses made of the water catchment area adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef, water quality has declined owing to the sediment and chemical runoff from farming, and to loss of coastal wetlands which are a natural filter.[53][54][55] It is thought that the mechanism behind poor water quality affecting the reefs is due to increased light and oxygen competition from algae.[56]。

Crown-of-thorns starfishThe crown-of-thorns starfish is a coral reef predator which preys on coral polyps. Large outbreaks of these starfish can devastate reefs. In 2000, an outbreak contributed to a loss of 66% of live coral cover on sampled reefs in a study by the CRC Reefs Research Centre.[57] Outbreaks are believed to occur in natural cycles, exacerbated by poor water quality and overfishing of the starfish's predators.[57][58]。

The unsustainable overfishing of keystone species, such as the Giant Triton, can cause disruption to food chains vital to life on the reef. Fishing also impacts the reef through increased pollution from boats, by-catch of unwanted species (such as dolphins and turtles) and reef habitat destruction from trawling, anchors and nets.[59] As of the middle of 2004, approximately one-third of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is protected from species removal of any kind, including fishing, without written permission.[60]。

Other threats to the Great Barrier Reef include shipping accidents, oil spills, and tropical cyclones.。

Human use

The Great Barrier Reef has long been known to and utilised by the Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Aboriginal Australians have been living in the area from at least 40,000 years ago,[61] and Torres Strait Islanders since about 10,000 years ago.[62] For these 70 or so clan groups, the reef is also an important part of their culture and spirituality.[63]。

The reef first became known to Europeans when the HM Bark Endeavour, captained by explorer James Cook, ran aground there on June 11, 1770, sustaining considerable damage. It was finally saved after lightening the ship as much as possible and re-floating it during an incoming tide.[64] One of the most famous wrecks was that of the HMS Pandora, which sank on August 29, 1791, killing 35. The Queensland Museum has been leading archaeological digs to the Pandora since 1983.[65] However, as there were no atolls on the reef system, it was largely unstudied in the 19th century.[25] During this time, some of the islands on the Great Barrier Reef were mined for deposits of guano, and lighthouses were built as beacons through the system,[66] as in Raine Island, the earliest example.[67] The Great Barrier Reef Committee was set up in 1922 which carried out much of the early research on the reef.[68]。

Starfish on coral - typically, tourists photograph the natural beauty of the reef.。

Management

Main article: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park。

After the Royal Commissions' findings, in 1975 the Government of Australia created the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and defined what activities were prohibited on the Great Barrier Reef.[69] The park is managed, in partnership with the Government of Queensland, through the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority to ensure that it is widely understood and used in a sustainable manner. A combination of zoning, management plans, permits, education and incentives (such as eco-tourism certification) are used in the effort to conserve the Great Barrier Reef.。

In July 2004, a new zoning plan was brought into effect for the entire Marine Park, and has been widely acclaimed as a new global benchmark for the conservation of marine ecosystems.[70] The rezoning was based on the application of systematic conservation planning techniques, using the MARXAN software.[71] While protection across the Marine Park was improved, the highly protected zones increased from 4.5% to over 33.3%.[72] At the time, it was the largest marine protected area in the world, although as of 2006, the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands National Monument is the largest.[73]。

In 2006, a review was undertaken of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975. Some recommendations of the review are that there should be no further zoning plan changes until 2013, and that every five years, a peer-reviewed Outlook Report should be published, examining the health of the Great Barrier Reef, the management of the reef, and environmental pressures.[4][74]。

A scuba diver looking at a giant clam on the Great Barrier Reef。

Tourism

Due to its vast biodiversity, warm clear waters and its accessibility from the floating guest facilities called 'live aboards', the reef is a very popular destination for tourists, especially scuba divers. Many cities along the Queensland coast offer daily boat trips to the reef. Several continental and coral cay islands have been turned into resorts, including the pristine resort island of Lady Elliot Island.。

As the largest commercial activity in the region, it was estimated in 2003 that tourism in the Great Barrier Reef generates over AU$4 billion annually.[75] (A 2005 estimate puts the figure at AU$5.1 billion.[76]) Approximately two million people visit the Great Barrier Reef each year.[77] Although most of these visits are managed in partnership with the marine tourism industry, there are some very popular areas near shore (such as Green Island) that have suffered damage due to overfishing and land based run off.。

A variety of boat tours and cruises are offered, from single day trips, to longer voyages. Boat sizes range from dinghies to superyachts.[78] Glass-bottomed boats and underwater observatories are also popular, as are helicopter flights. By far, the most popular tourist activities on the Great Barrier Reef are snorkelling and diving, for which pontoons are often used, and the area is often enclosed by nets. The outer part of the Great Barrier Reef is favoured for such activities, due to water quality.。

Management of tourism in the Great Barrier Reef is geared towards making tourism ecologically sustainable. A daily fee is levied that goes towards research of the Great Barrier Reef.[76] This fee ends up being 20% of the GBRMPA's income.[79] Plans of management are also in place for the popular tourist destinations of Cairns and the Whitsunday Islands, which account for 85% of the tourism in the region.[76] Policies on cruise ships, bareboat charters, and anchorages limit the traffic on the Great Barrier Reef.[76]。

Fishing

The fishing industry in the Great Barrier Reef, controlled by the Queensland Government, is worth AU$1 billion annually.[80] It employs approximately 2000 people, and fishing in the Great Barrier Reef is pursued commercially, for recreation, and as a traditional means for feeding one's family.[63] Wonky holes in the reef provide particularly productive fishing areas.。

原文地址：http://www.qianchusai.com/Queensland-60.html