unobtainable-90

托福阅读TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:ChinesePottery

帝国时代3的修改方法，其实并不难，主要文件都是解了密的Xml文件，甚至比国家的崛起修改还容易！这是初级篇,主要研究Data目录下的三个文件的修改,涉及兵种,建筑,科技,翻译等内容。

修改后的效果显示：

在陆地上的战船

需要的三个文件:

Data目录下的

proto.xml

stringtable.xml。

techtree.xml

各文件主要内容:

proto.xml:单位的基本属性。

stringtable.xml:显示语言。

techtree.xml:科技和卡片的基本属性。

一.单一的文件修改

1.proto.xml

用记事本打开这个文件编辑.

<Unit id ='X' name ='XXX'>。

单位的第一条属性,不做复杂修改的话,建议不要动.。

<DBID>X</DBID>。

一般不做修改

<DisplayNameID>X</DisplayNameID>。

在游戏中显示的文字代号,与stringtable.xml关联.。

<EditorNameID>X</EditorNameID>。

同样是显示的文字代码,但不知在哪里起作用,一般不做修改,与stringtable.xml关联.。

<ObstructionRadiusX>***</ObstructionRadiusX>。

<ObstructionRadiusZ>***</ObstructionRadiusZ>。

单位的实际体积,数值越大,体积越大,当然目标也越大.。

<FormationCategory>X</FormationCategory>。

有Ranged,protected,body,mobile这几类。

Ranged一般用于带远程攻击的兵种。

protected一般用于炮兵及几乎没有攻击能力的单位。

body一般用于近战型步兵

mobile一般用于骑兵

<MaxVelocity>X</MaxVelocity>。

<MaxRunVelocity>X</MaxRunVelocity>。

最大行走/跑步速度,数值越大,单位移动越快,很有修改价值。

<MovementType>X</MovementType>。

单位移动模式,很有修改价值

共分air,water,land三类。

air:移动完全不受阻碍,即在天上飞.。

water:只能在海里移动.

land:只能在陆地移动.

<TurnRate>X</TurnRate>。

单位转弯时的速度,数值越大,转弯越快.。

(如果数值过小,单位在转弯时会先朝目标方向移动,再慢慢把身子转过去)。

<AnimFile>。

建议不做修改.

<ImpactType>X</ImpactType>。

单位自身类型,如Flesh(人体),Animal(动物),Wood(木制),Stone(石制)...。

<Icon>X</Icon>。

单位调用的头像文件,这是显示在建造命令里的头像.。

<PortraitIcon>X</PortraitIcon>。

单位调用的头像文件,这是当你点选某个单位时,它的大&小肖像.。

<RolloverTextID>X</RolloverTextID>。

语言显示代码,这是显示在建造命令里或主城模式卡片里对单位进行描述的语言代码.。

<ShortRolloverTextID>X</ShortRolloverTextID>。

语言显示代码,当你将光标移动到某个单位上,显示的对单位进行描述的语言代码.。

<InitialHitpoints>X</InitialHitpoints>。

单位刚被生产出来的初始生命值,如果改为0...。

很有修改价值

<MaxHitpoints>X</MaxHitpoints>。

单位的最高生命值(未升级的情况下).。

很有修改价值

<LOS>X</LOS>。

单位视野,数值越大,视野越广.。

很有修改价值

<ProjectileProtoUnit>X</ProjectileProtoUnit>。

单位攻击时发射的投射物,即单位名称.。

有修改价值

<UnitAIType>X</UnitAIType>。

单位闲置时(暂时这么说吧)调用的AI类型.。

很有修改价值

<BuildPoints>X</BuildPoints>。

<TrainPoints>X</TrainPoints>。

建筑/单位被产出来需要的时间.数值越大,生产越慢.。

(如果将建筑物的改为0,则刚放下建筑就建成)。

很有修改价值

<Bounty>X</Bounty>。

<BuildBounty>X</BuildBounty>。

单位死亡/生产出来加的经验值.。

很有修改价值

<Cost resourcetype ='XXX'>X</Cost>。

生产单位所需资源类型及数目.

很有修改价值

<InitialResource resourcetype ='XXX'>X</InitialResource>。

提供资源开采的单位(如树,银矿),提供的资源类型及数目.。

很有修改价值

<ResourceSubType>Gold</ResourceSubType>。

提供资源开采的单位,提供的资源类型及数目(与上条对应).。

很有修改价值

<BuildingWorkRate>X</BuildingWorkRate>。

建筑工作速度(如研究,生产)的乘数.。

很有修改价值

<MaxContained>X</MaxContained>。

单位提供的驻扎空间.

有修改价值

<AllowedAge>X</AllowedAge>。

单位被生产出来的最早时代(0-4).。

有修改价值

<Armor type ='X' value ='X'></Armor>。

单位护甲类型(ranged,siege,hand)及抵消伤害的百分比.一种单位能否有多于一种的护甲,我还没有试过.。

(如0.2表示抵消攻击伤害的20%)。

数值高并不意味着无敌!

这与后面的伤害类型有关,以后我会做说明.。

很有修改价值

<BuilderLimit>X</BuilderLimit>。

建造一个该单位的最大建筑工数量.。

有修改价值

<GathererLimit>X</GathererLimit>。

该单位支持的最大采集者数量.

很有修改价值

<PopulationCount>X</PopulationCount>。

每个该类单位所占人口.

(如果你想暴兵,就改为0吧)

很有修改价值

<PopulationCapAddition>X</PopulationCapAddition>。

每个该类单位支持的人口.

很有修改价值

<UnitType>XXX</UnitType>。

<Flag>XXX</Flag>。

非常有修改价值!

可以定义单位最基本的属性.

如不会被Delete掉(<Flag>NotDeleteable</Flag>),英雄(<UnitType>Hero</UnitType>。

)......

以后我会进行说明.

在<UnitType>XXX</UnitType>。

的下面,通常有

<Train row ='X' page ='X' column ='X'>XXX</Train>。

一大串

这是对该类单位可以生产单位的设定!非常有用!自己试着改一改,添一添,以后我会说明.。

在<Flag>XXX</Flag>。

的下面,通常有

<Command page ='X' column ='X'>XXX</Command>。

这是对该类单位的某些能力(控制按钮)的设定,非常有用!自己试着改一改,添一添,以后我会说明.。

在<Tactics>XXX</Tactics>。

下面,通常会有

<ProtoAction>。

XXX

</ProtoAction>。

一类针对单位动作的设定,非常有用!其关联很多,自己试着改一改,以后我会具体说明.。

很有修改价值!

<ProtoAction>到</ProtoAction>之间的一些设定:。

<Damage>XXX</Damage> 单位攻击伤害.。

<DamageType>XXX</DamageType> 伤害类型.。

<MaxRange>XXX</MaxRange> 射程.。

<ROF>XXX</ROF> 攻击速率(数值越小,速率越高).。

<DamageCap>XXX</DamageCap> 不是很明确,似乎是一次攻击所能造成的最大伤害,一般用于舰船,数值=Damage*2。

<DamageBonus type ='XXX'>X</DamageBonus> 对某类单位的伤害乘数.。

其中XXX与对应单位的UnitType关联.。

<DamageArea>XXX</DamageArea> 攻击的伤害范围.。

<DamageFlags>XXX</DamageFlags> 未知.。

引申,对于采集者的采集速度设定.。

搜索"<Unit id ='200' name ='Settler'>"。

(采集者),接着搜索"<Name>Gather</Name>",。

会出现(下面的数值为原始设定)。

<Name>Gather</Name>。

<Rate type ='Tree'>0.500000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='Mill'>0.670000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='AbstractMine'>0.600000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='Plantation'>0.500000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='Herdable'>3.000000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='Huntable'>0.840000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='BerryBush'>0.670000</Rate>。

数值越大,采集速度越快.速度单位应是X单位资源/秒*人.。

对proto.xml的基本修改就写到这里了.。

2.techtree.xml

Warning:笔者用的techtree.xml是游侠网上下的突破9级和卡片使用限制的补丁内的techtree.xml.。

在这个文件里,大多数的科技或卡片以这种形式描述:。

<Tech name ='XXX' type ='XXX'>。

<DBID>X</DBID>。

<Status>XXX</Status>。

<Flag>XXX</Flag>。

<Effects>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='X' subtype ='Enable' relativity ='Absolute'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>XXX</Target></Effect>。

XXX

</Effects>。

</Tech>

1).这就是一个完整的描述一个科技的格式.。

以升级三桅战舰的科技为例说明(以下信息为原设定)。

搜索"ImperialManOWar",直到搜到如下描述(这个科技与标准试玩版的相同):。

<Tech name ='ImperialManOWar' type ='Normal'>。

<DBID>1336</DBID>。

<DisplayNameID>31112</DisplayNameID>。

<Cost resourcetype ='Wood'>1500.0000</Cost>。

<Cost resourcetype ='Gold'>1500.0000</Cost>。

<ResearchPoints>30.0000</ResearchPoints>。

<Status>UNOBTAINABLE</Status>。

<Icon>ui\techs\imperial_navy\imperial_navy</Icon>。

<RolloverTextID>31111</RolloverTextID>。

<Flag>UpgradeTech</Flag>。

<Flag>OrPrereqs</Flag>。

<Flag>CountsTowardMilitaryScore</Flag>。

<Prereqs>。

<TechStatus status ='Active'>Imperialize</TechStatus></Prereqs>。

<Effects>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Damage' allactions ='1' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Hitpoints' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

<Effect type ='SetName' proto ='Frigate' culture ='none' newName ='42267'></Effect>。

</Effects>。

</Tech>

Tech name : 科技原英文名称.。

<DisplayNameID>X</DisplayNameID> : 科技实际显示名称代码.与stringtable.xml关联.。

<Cost resourcetype ='X'>X</Cost>: 研发此科技需要的资源种类及数量.。

<ResearchPoints>X</ResearchPoints> : 研发时间.数值越大,研发越慢.。

<Icon>X</Icon> : 科技图标文件的地址.。

<RolloverTextID>X</RolloverTextID> : 语言显示代码,即科技描述文字代码.。

<Flag>UpgradeTech</Flag> : 该科技的基本属性.此为升级单位类科技(为升级单位类科技所必须).。

<Effects>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Damage' allactions ='1' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Hitpoints' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

<Effect type ='SetName' proto ='Frigate' culture ='none' newName ='42267'></Effect>。

</Effects>。

这可以说是最有价值的修改部分.。

</Effects>: 科技描述结束标志.。

Effect type : 科技效果.。

有Data,SetName,TechStatus,SetAge四类.。

Data : 允许设置研发对象的属性乘数.。

SetName : 允许设置研发对象的新名称.。

TechStatus : 未知.。

SetAge : 允许升级时代(Age1-4).如果有这个描述出现,则在<Flag>里应有<Flag>AgeUpgrade</Flag>与之对应.。

amount : 研发对象的属性乘数或增量.。

subtype : 针对研发对象的某类属性设定.。

allactions : 似乎是激活某些东西,作用不明.。

relativity : 属于何类属性加成(乘数--BasePercent,增量--Absolute),例如对种植效率加成一般用乘数,对人口上限加成用增量.。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>X</Target></Effect> : 科技研发对象(用于此描述横行Effect type不是SetName的另三类科技效果).。

proto ='X' : 科技研发对象(用于此描述横行Effect type是SetName的科技效果).。

newName : 科技研发对象的新名称代码(对应SetName,proto) 。

对此科技的翻译:

帝国改良战舰.由三桅战舰升为Imperial Man-of-War战舰.伤害为原来150%,生命值为原来150%.需要木材1500单位,需要黄金1500单位.。

引申:

1).如果你想让此科技的伤害加成属性对城镇中心有效,可在。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Damage' allactions ='1' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

下面新建一行

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='X' subtype ='Damage' allactions ='1' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>(城镇中心名称)</Target></Effect>。

注意格式最好与原格式对齐!

2).如果你不想让此科技对三桅战舰生命有加成,则可将。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.50' subtype ='Hitpoints' relativity ='BasePercent'>。

<Target type ='ProtoUnit'>Frigate</Target></Effect>。

删除.

注意格式最好与原格式对齐!

这样,你就可以随意设置一个科技.。

2).这就是一个完整的描述一个卡片的格式(含义同上).。

<Tech name ='HCShipFrigates' type ='Normal'>。

<DBID>2223</DBID>。

<DisplayNameID>35725</DisplayNameID>。

<Cost resourcetype ='Ships'>1.0000</Cost>。

<ResearchPoints>40.0000</ResearchPoints>。

<Status>UNOBTAINABLE</Status>。

<Icon>units\naval\frigate\frigate_icon_64x64</Icon>。

<Flag>HomeCity</Flag>。

<Effects>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='1.00' subtype ='FreeHomeCityUnit' unittype ='Frigate' relativity ='Absolute'>。

<Target type ='Player'></Target></Effect>。

</Effects>。

<Flag>HomeCity</Flag> : 在城镇中心产生该单位.。

对此卡片的翻译:

从主城运送一艘三桅战舰到战场.。

修改amount就是修改运送的三桅战舰数量.。

引申:

如果你还想运点儿别的,添加:

<Effects>。

<Effect type ='Data' amount ='X' subtype ='FreeHomeCityUnit' unittype ='X' relativity ='Absolute'>。

<Target type ='Player'></Target></Effect>。

注意格式最好与原格式对齐!

简单的科技/卡片修改就到这里了.。

3.stringtable.xml。

可以添加,删除,修改.

自己试着改一改,仿照着添一下,注意代码必须与techtree.xml或proto.xml的代码对应,否则描述文字将不显示.。

说实话,这一部分没什么好讲的.下面我们进入进阶篇.。

二.复杂修改

添加新兵种.

以添加"密苏里"号战列舰为例.。

首先,选定一个原身,笔者选了Monitor(炮舰).。

在proto.xml中找到Monitor,从。

</Unit>

<Unit id ='427' name ='Monitor'>开始往下复制,到Monitor的末尾。

</ProtoAction>,粘贴.注意粘贴应仿照其他单位的格式.。

新兵种的雏形以做好.

下面对粘贴后的内容作修改.

name改为与Monitor不同的名字,如BattleCruiser.。

Unit id改为不与任何单位重合的数字,如999.。

DisplayNameID,EditorNameID改为不与任何单位重合的数字,笔者改的分别是99999,99998.。

下面对DisplayNameID,EditorNameID写入你所需要的名称.。

打开stringtable.xml,仿照其他内容新建两行(即<String _locID ='X'>XXX</String>,注意对齐).。

在这两行的X处分别写入99999,99998.。

该给这两个字串加说明了.你可以写自己喜欢的名称,笔者在99999那行写入密苏里号,99998那行写入有无与伦比火力的战舰.。

建立新说明部分完毕.

下面,你可以自己随意修改BattleCruiser的属性(如将其设为英雄,让它像大帆船那样可以造兵...).。

我们创造了一个新兵种,如何让它在游戏中出现呢?。

你可以通过卡片,也可以把它造出来.。

这里仅介绍通过卡片得到新兵种的方法.。

记得有一个卡片是运来一艘Monitor吧?我们就在这张卡片上做文章.。

打开techtree.xml,它的卡片名称为HCShipMonitors,搜到这张卡片,将unittype的Monitor改为你刚命名的BattleCruiser即可!。

(这样在你使这张卡片时,只会运来密苏里号,而不会运来Monitor.如果你不满足,可以将卡片修改成既送Monitor又送BattleCruiser.自己试试吧!)。

一个问题待解决:这样新增的兵种将不会使用任何技能.。

2.让单位拥有生产能力.

修改示例:让explorer可以建造超级堡垒.。

打开Proto.xml.

搜索到描述explorer的部分.。

你会发现再往下有

<UnitType>AbstractInfantry</UnitType>。

<Train row ='0' page ='6' column ='1'>TradingPost</Train>。

<Train row ='0' page ='6' column ='0'>TownCenter</Train>。

<Train row ='0' page ='6' column ='2'>WarDog</Train>。

复制上面的最后一行,粘贴到它的下一行(注意格式),column改为3,后面的英文单位名称改为FortFrontier(超级堡垒)即可!。

已经可以使英雄具有建造超级堡垒的能力了,你难道不想让他建得更快一些吗?。

仍然在explorer的描述部分找到。

<ProtoAction>。

<Name>Build</Name>。

<Rate type ='TradingPost'>3.000000</Rate>。

<Rate type ='TownCenter'>1.000000</Rate> 。

</ProtoAction>。

仿照添加一行:<Rate type ='FortFrontier'>X</Rate>,这里的X就是建造速度的乘数!。

测试成果吧!

对于没有生产能力的单位,在其最后一行UnitType的下一行添加如上描述行(<Train row ='X' page ='X' column ='X'>XXX</Train>。

)即可!

这是什么歌

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托福阅读原文

China has one of the world's oldestcontinuous civilizations—despite invasions and occasional foreign rule. Acountry as vast as China with so long-lasting a civilization has a complexsocial and visual history, within which pottery and porcelain play a majorrole.。

The function and status of ceramics inChina varied from dynasty to dynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial,trade-collectors', or even ritual objects, according to their quality and theera in which they were made. The ceramics fall into three broadtypes—earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain—for vessels, architectural itemssuch as roof tiles, and modeled objects and figures. In addition, there was animportant group of sculptures made for religious use, the majority of whichwere produced in earthenware.。

The earliest ceramics were fired toearthenware temperatures, but as early as the fifteenth century B.C.,high-temperature stone wares were being made with glazed surfaces. During theSix Dynasties period (AD 265-589), kilns in north China were producinghigh-fired ceramics of good quality. White wares produced in Hebei and Henanprovinces from the seventh to the tenth centuries evolved into the highlyprized porcelains of the Song dynasty (AD. 960-1279), long regarded as one ofthe high points in the history of China's ceramic industry. The tradition ofreligious sculpture extends over most historical periods but is less clearlydelineated than that of stone wares or porcelains, for it embraces the oldcustom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images andarchitectural ornament. Ceramic products also include lead-glazed tomb modelsof the Han dynasty, three-color lead-glazed vessels and figures of the Tangdynasty, and Ming three-color temple ornaments, in which the motifs wereoutlined in a raised trail of slip—as well as the many burial ceramics producedin imitation of vessels made in materials of higher intrinsic value.。

Trade between the West and the settled andprosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new forms and different technologies.One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fine ninth-centuryAD. Chinese porcelain wares imported into the Arab world. So admired were thesepieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation ofporcelain and instigated research into the method of their manufacture. Fromthe Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purified form of cobaltoxide unobtainable at that time in China—that contained only a low level ofmanganese. Cobalt ores found in China have a high manganese content, whichproduces a more muted blue-gray color. In the seventeenth century, the tradingactivities of the Dutch East India Company resulted in vast quantities ofdecorated Chinese porcelain being brought to Europe, which stimulated andinfluenced the work of a wide variety of wares, notably Delft. The Chinesethemselves adapted many specific vessel forms from the West, such as bottleswith long spouts, and designed a range of decorative patterns especially forthe European market.。

Just as painted designs on Greek pots mayseem today to be purely decorative, whereas in fact they were carefully andprecisely worked out so that at the time, their meaning was clear, so it iswith Chinese pots. To twentieth-centuryeyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the Chinese the formof each object and its adornment had meaning and significance. The dragonrepresented the emperor, and the phoenix, the empress; the pomegranateindicated fertility, and a pair of fish, happiness; mandarin ducks stood forwedded bliss; the pine tree, peach, and crane are emblems of long life; and fishleaping from waves indicated success in the civil service examinations. Onlywhen European decorative themes were introduced did these meanings becomeobscured or even lost.。

From early times pots were used in bothreligious and secular contexts. The imperial court commissioned work and in theYuan dynasty (A.D. 1279-1368) an imperial ceramic factory was established atJingdezhen. Pots played an important part in some religious ceremonies. Longand often lyrical descriptions of the different types of ware exist that assistin classifying pots, although these sometimes confuse an already large andcomplicated picture.。

托福阅读试题

1. The word “status” in thepassage(Paragraph 2)is closest in meaning to。

A.origin

B. importance。

C.quality

D.design

2.According to paragraph 2, which of thefollowing is true of Chinese ceramics?。

A. The function of ceramics remained thesame from dynasty to dynasty.。

B.The use of ceramics as trade objects isbetter documented than the use of ceramics as ritual objects.。

C. There was little variation in qualityfor any type of ceramics over time.。

D.Some religious sculptures were made usingthe earthenware type of ceramics.。

3.The word “evolve” in the passage(Paragraph3)is closest in meaning to。

A. divided

B.extended

C.developed

D. vanished

4.Which of the sentences below bestexpresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence(Paragraph 3) inthe passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leaveout essential information.。

A.While stone wares and porcelains arefound throughout most historical periods, religious sculpture is limited to theancient period.。

B.Religious sculpture was created in mostperiods, but its history is less clear than that of stone wares or porcelainsbecause some old forms continued to be used even when new ones were developed.。

C.While stone wares and porcelains changedthroughout history, religious sculpture remained uniform in form and use.。

D.The historical development of religioussculpture is relatively unclear because religious sculptures sometimes resembleearthenware architectural ornaments.。

5.Paragraph 3 supports all of the followingconcerning the history of the ceramic industry in China EXCEPT:。

A.The earliest high-fired ceramics were ofpoor quality.。

B. Ceramics produced during the Tang andMing dynasties sometimes incorporated multiple colors.。

Earthenware ceramics were produced in Chinabefore stone wares were.。

D.The Song dynasty period was notable forthe production of high quality porcelain ceramics.。

6.The word “instigate” in thepassage(Paragraph 4)is closest in meaning to。

A.improved

B.investigated。

C. narrowed

D.caused

7.According to paragraph 4, one consequenceof the trade of Chinese ceramics was。

A. the transfer of a distinctive bluepigment from China to the Middle East。

B.an immediate change from earthenwareproduction to porcelain production in European countries。

C.Chinese production of wares made for theEuropean market。

D.a decreased number of porcelain vesselsavailable on the European market。

8.The word “whereas” in thepassage(Paragraph 5)is closest in meaning to。

A. while

B. previously。

C.surprisingly。

D.because

9.In paragraph 5, the author compares thedesigns on Chinese pots to those on Greek pots in order to。

A.emphasize that while Chinese pots weredecorative, Greek pots were functional。

B.argue that the designs on Chinese potshad specific meanings and were not just decorative。

C.argue that twentieth-century scholars arebetter able to understand these designs than were ancient scholars。

D.explain how scholars have identified themeaning of specific images on Chinese pots。

10.Which of the following is mentioned inparagraph 5 as being symbolically represented on Chinese ceramics?。

A.Chinese rulers。

B. love of homeland。

C. loyally to friends。

D. success in trade。

11.Paragraph 5 suggests which of thefollowing about the decorations on Chinese pottery?。

A.They had more importance for aristocratsthan for ordinary citizens.。

B.Their significance may have remainedclear had the Chinese not come under foreign influence.。

C.They contain some of the same images thatappear on Greek pots。

D.Their significance is now as clear totwentieth century observers as it was to the early Chinese.。

12.The word “these” in the passage(Paragraph6)refers to。

A.religious ceremonies。

B. descriptions。

C.types of ware。

D.pots

13. Look at the four squares [■]thatindicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Wherecould the sentence best fit? Foreign trade was also responsible for certaininnovations in coloring.。

Trade between the West and the settled andprosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new forms and different technologies.One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fine ninth-centuryAD. Chinese porcelain wares imported into the Arab world. ■【A】So admiredwere these pieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made inimitation of porcelain and instigated research into the method of theirmanufacture. ■【B】From the Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purifiedform of cobalt oxide unobtainable at that time in China—thatcontained only a low level of manganese. Cobalt ores found in China have a highmanganese content, which produces a more muted blue-gray color. ■【C】In theseventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Companyresulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brought toEurope, which stimulated and influenced the work of a wide variety of wares,notably Delft. ■【D】The Chinese themselves adapted many specific vessel forms from theWest, such as bottles with long spouts, and designed a range of decorativepatterns especially for the European market.。

14. Directions: An introductory sentencefor a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary byselecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in thepassage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideasthat not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. Thisquestion is worth 2 points.。

Ceramics have been produced in China for avery long time.。

A.The Chinese produced earthenware,stoneware, and porcelain pottery and they used their ceramics for a variety ofutilitarian, architectural, and ceremonial purposes.。

B. The shape and decoration of ceramicsproduced for religious use in China were influenced by Chinese ceramicsproduced for export.。

C.As a result of trade relations, Chineseceramic production changed and Chinese influenced the ceramics production ofother countries.。

D. Chinese burial ceramics have the longestand most varied history of production and were frequently decorated withwritten texts that help scholars date them.。

E.Before China had contact with the West,the meaning of various designs used to decorate Chinese ceramics was wellunderstood.。

F.Ceramics made in imperial factories wereused in both religious and non-religious contexts.。

托福 阅读答案

1.status状态，地位，所以B的importance重要性，地位正确。原句说瓷器的作用和什么因朝代而不同，而且之后有解释可能是实用的，用于埋葬的，或者blabla，所以importance能对上。origin起源不可能因为朝代而变化;quality后面有，不应该重复;design与后文的例子对不上。

2.问题中的关键词不能用，所以排除法最好。A的dynasty todynasty做关键词定位至第一句，说反，错;B的trade objects和ritual objects做关键词定位至第一句，原文没有比较，错;C的quality做关键词定位至第一句，说根据它们质量决定用来干嘛，所以质量是有变化的，C错;D的religious和earthenware做关键词定位至最后一句，正确。

3.evolve进化，演化，所以C的develop正确。原文说七到十世纪的白瓷怎么样成了宋代的很好的瓷，无论从时间上还是后面说的highly prized都证明后面的比前面的好，所以应该是变好的意思，A分开B延伸D消失都没有变好之意。

4.原文的主要关系是因果，因果的结果部分包含了一个转折，所以从结构上说只有B和D可能正确。B正确，D错在原文说stoneware和porcelain比religious sculpture清楚，但没说religious sculpture不清楚，错。

5.EXCEPT题，排除法。A的high-firedceramics做关键词定位至第二句，原文说good quality, 备选项说poor，反了，错，选;B的Tang and Ming Dynasty做关键词定位至最后一句，正确，不选;C的earthenware和stoneware做关键词定位至第一句，原文说最早的是earthenware，所以比stoneware早，所以C正确，不选;D的Song dynasty做关键词定位至第三句，正确，不选。

6.nstigate教唆，鼓动，煽动，所以cause引起正确，注意不要被investigate迷惑。原句说那些陶器非常惹人喜爱，促进了earthenware的发展，也instigate了制陶 方法 的研究，instigate与原文的encourage并列，所以应该是鼓励之意。A提升改善B调查C变窄均不正确。

7.以trade of Chineseceramics做关键词定位至倒数第二句，问结果，所以应该关注result in之后的内容，说大量的Chinese porcelain到了欧洲，影响了一系列ware，接着又说会专门为欧洲市场做一些ware，所以C正确;注意B尽管说到了change，但immediate是原文没说的;A没说;D说反了，应该是增加。

8.注意 句子 中的seem和in fact，seem叫做看上去，也就是事实很可能不是这样，后面的in fact叫做事实上，也就是说前面说的很可能不是事实，两者呼应，都说明两句话之间的关系是转折，所以while正确。

9.先看本句，现代人认为希腊的pots上的design只是装饰，没有实际意义，但事实上是有意义的，中国的pots也这样，所以B正确。A错，不是pots decorative，而是design;C说反，D没说方式，所以how错。

10.问下面哪个是design的替代意义，倒数第二句整个都在说pots上design的意义，提到了emperor和empress，皇帝和皇后，所以A的Chinese rulers正确，统治者;其他都没说。

11.问题中关键词不明显，排除法。A的ordinarycitizens和aristocrat原文没说;B的foreign influence做关键词定位至最后一句的European，说直到引入欧洲theme之后中国原有的装饰的意思才被obscure，对应B，没有foreign influence那些意思不会改变，正确;C没说;D反了，应该是ancient更熟悉。

12.these往前找，找主语。注意从句子一开始到exist之前都是句子的主语，但of之前的东西是整个句子的核心，所以答案是description，对于什么什么的描述，描述才是核心，不是types of ware。

13.两个过渡点，名词foreign trade和coloring。foreigntrade对应原文第四句的from Middle East Chinese acquired blabla和倒数第二句的tradingactivities，所以B/C/D都有可能;coloring证明B或者C正确。按照正常逻辑，应该先总括，说外贸也使染色技术发生变化，接着再说怎么变的，所以B正确，C错误。

14.The Chinese选项对应第二段第二句，正确。

The shape选项原文没说，不选。

As选项对应原文第四段第一句，正确。

Chinese选项原文没说，不选。

Before选项对应原文第五段最后一句，正确。

Ceramics选项MS对应原文最后一段，但最后一段没说imperial陶瓷是用于both情况的，也不选。

托福阅读译文

【1】尽管中国曾饱受入侵，偶尔丧失主权受制于外国，她仍然拥有世界上最源远流长的文明。像中国一个拥有悠久文明的大国，而陶瓷在其复杂的社会历史以及视觉历史中扮演了极为重要的角色。

【2】在中国，每一个朝代陶瓷的功能和地位都是不同的，所以，根据它们的质量和制作年代的不同，可以是实用器物、陪葬品、贸易 收藏 品，甚至是礼器。对于容器、瓦片等建筑材料、模仿的物体或人物，陶瓷广义上被分为3大类：陶器、炻器和瓷器。另外，瓷器中还有很重要的一类就是宗教用途的雕塑，它们多数是陶质的。

【3】尽管最早的陶瓷是在制陶的温度下烧制的，但是早在公元前15世纪，就已经出现了上釉的高温炻器。六朝时期(公元265-589年)，中国北方就有窑炉在烧制优质的高温瓷器。从7世纪到10世纪，河北以及河南省产的白瓷逐渐演变成为享有盛名的宋瓷(公元960-1279年)——长久以来被认为是中国陶瓷业历史中的巅峰时期之一。宗教雕塑的传统在大部分历史时期中都有延续，但是没有炻器和瓷器质地的雕塑描绘的那么清晰，有一种古老的习俗，就是将刻着新的宗教形象和建筑装饰的陶器作为陪葬品。瓷制品还包括汉朝的铅釉随葬陶俑，唐朝的三彩铅釉器皿和人物，明朝的以泥釉凸纹展现轮廓的三彩寺庙装饰物以及很多用来仿制贵重器皿的陪葬瓷器。

【4】西方国家和繁荣稳定的历代中国朝代之间的贸易促使双方互相引入了新的形式和不同的技术。有一个意义最为深远的例子，公元9世纪精美中国瓷器出口到阿拉伯世界，带来巨大的影响。阿拉伯人对这些瓷器赞不绝口，于是他们鼓励制陶来仿制瓷器，并激励人们研究制作方法。中国人从中东获得了一种蓝色颜料——一种纯化的氧化钴，当时在中国并未出现，其中只含有少量的锰。中国境内发现的钴矿石含有大量的会产生暗蓝灰色的锰元素。17世纪，大量中国装饰类瓷器通过荷兰东印度公司的交易活动流入欧洲，这刺激和影响了广泛多样的瓷器的生产，特别是代尔夫特 。中国人自己改良了很多种来自西方的特殊器皿，比如长嘴的瓶子，并专门为欧洲市场设计了一系列装饰性图案。

【5】就像希腊的陶器上所绘的图案，今天看来也许纯粹是为了装饰，然而事实上在当时它们都是人们精心烧制而成的，它们的意义在当时非常明确，中国的瓷器也是如此。以20世纪的眼光来看，中国制造的陶瓷也许仅仅是装饰品，但是对于中国人来说每个物件的形状及它的装饰都有寓意非凡，影响深远。龙代表皇帝，凤代表皇后;石榴意味着多子，双鱼意味着幸福;鸳鸯寓意着婚姻幸福美满;松树、桃树以及鹤都是长寿的象征;鱼跃出水面意味着科举考试会高中。但是欧洲的装饰主题被引进后，这些寓意就变得不再那么流行甚至丢失了。

【6】陶瓷器皿在很早期就已用于宗教和日常生活中。朝廷分派了制作工作，并于元朝(公元1279-1368年)在景德镇设立了一座官窑。陶瓷器皿在一些宗教仪式上也有着重要的地位。现存的关于不同类型的陶瓷器具很多长篇且抒情的描述可以帮助我们对其进行分类，尽管这些描述有时候会使得一幅大而复杂的画面显得凌乱。

托福阅读TPO10(试题+答案+译文)第1篇:Chinese Pottery相关 文章 ：

Any attempt to print Murphy’s laws will jam the printer. 这句话如何理解？

骚灵sam Smith（山姆 史密斯），他的歌挺好的，个人挺喜欢。

这首歌：<i'm not the only one>。

You and me we made a vow。

我们之间发誓

For better or for worse。

不管是好是坏

I can't believe you let me down。

我不敢相信你让我失望

But the proof is in the way it hurts。

事实却证明这让我有多受伤

For months on end I've had my doubts。

几个月我有怀疑

Denying every tear。

否认每一滴眼泪

I wish this would be over now。

我希望这将会结束

But I know that I still need you here。

但我知道我还需要你

You say I'm crazy。

你说我疯了

Cause you don't think I know what you've done。

导致你不认为我知道你所做的一切。

But when you call me baby。

但当你叫我宝贝

I know I'm not the only one。

我知道我不是唯一的一个

You've been so unfaithful。

你如此不忠

Now sadly I know why。

现在可悲的是我知道为什么

Your heart is unobtainable。

你的心是不可能得到的

Even though you don't share mine。

尽管你也不知道如何赢得我心

You say I'm crazy。

你说我疯了

Cause you don't think I know what you've done。

因为你不认为我知道你所做的一切。

But when you call me baby。

但当你叫我宝贝

I know I'm not the only one。

我知道我不是唯一的一个

I have loved you for many years。

我爱你很多年了

Maybe I am just not enough。

也许我还爱得不够

You've made me realise my deepest fear。

你使我意识到我的最深的恐惧

By lying and tearing us up。

谎言将我们的关系彻底撕裂

You say I'm crazy。

你说我疯了

Cause you don't think I know what you've done。

因为你不认为我知道你所做的一切。

But when you call me baby。

但当你叫我宝贝

I know I'm not the only one。

我知道我不是唯一的一个

You say I'm crazy。

你说我疯了

Cause you don't think I know what you've done。

因为你不认为我知道你所做的一切。

But when you call me baby。

但当你叫我宝贝

I know I'm not the only one。

我知道我不是唯一的一个

I know I'm not the only one。

我总是不是唯一的一个

I know I'm not the only one。

我总是不是唯一的一个

And I know...

我知道 我知道 我知道 我知道。

I know I'm not the only one。

我知道我不是唯一的一个

帮忙翻译英语文章

打印墨菲法则，打印机就卡纸。

很著名的法则，是军官墨菲的名言，任何要发生的事情，它总是会要发生的。

呵呵

墨菲(Murphy)定律

引:

“如果事情会出错，就一定出错。(If anything can go wrong, it will)”

这是著名的Murphy定律，是以上尉Edawrd A. Murphy命名的。他曾是美国空军MX981工程的工程师。

有一天，当他发现工程中的一个变速器线路坏了，便责备负责的技术人员说:”如果有任何做错的地方，我就会找到 (If there is any way to do it wrong, he’ll find it.)”合同的项目负责人把这一条”玉律”加了进去，变成了著名的墨菲定律。

墨菲定律:

1. Nothing is as easy as it looks.。

没有事情比看起来更容易

2. Everything takes longer than you think.。

任何事情总是比想起来难

3. Anything that can go wrong will go wrong.。

凡事可能出错，就必定出错

4. If there is a possibility of several things going wrong, the one that will cause the most damage will be the one to go wrong. Corollary: If there is a worse time for something to go wrong, it will happen then.。

如果几件事都有出错的可能，那么其中造成最大损失的必定出错。

推论:如果有事情出错的坏时机，到时就发生。

5. If anything simply cannot go wrong, it will anyway.。

如果事情简单到不能出错，那就是。

6. If you perceive that there are four possible ways in which a procedure can go wrong, and circumvent these, then a fifth way, unprepared for, will promptly develop.。

如果你已经知道了四种可能出错的方式，那么，第五种，便会在你无准备下出现。

7. Left to themselves, things tend to go from bad to worse.。

任之的话，事情总是从坏到更坏

8. If everything seems to be going well, you have obviously overlooked something.。

如果事情看起来变好，那么你就明显的忽略了什么。

9. Nature always sides with the hidden flaw.。

自然总是偏袒隐藏的缺陷

10. Mother nature is a bitch.。

自然总是坏事

11. It is impossible to make anything foolproof because fools are so ingenious.。

事情不能总十分简单，因为傻瓜也聪明。

12. Whenever you set out to do something, something else must be done first.。

当你打算做某事，必然先要做别的。

13. Every solution breeds new problems.。

任何事情的解决都会产生新问题

Murphy’s Law of Research(墨菲研究定律)。

Enough research will tend to support your theory.。

足够的研究将会支持你的理论

Murphy’s Law of Copiers(墨菲抄袭定律)。

The legibility of a copy is inversely proportional to its importance.。

拷贝的合法性和重要性成反比

Murphy’s Law of the Open Road(墨菲公路定律)。

When there is a very long road upon which there is a one-way bridge placed at random, and there are only two cars on that road, it follows that: (1) the two cars are going in opposite directions, and (2) they will always meet at the bridge.。

当有一条很长的路，路上有一条单向的桥，并且路上只有两辆车，会发生的是:(1), 两辆车相反方向开， (2) 他们会在桥上相遇。

Murphy’s Law of Thermodynamics(墨菲热力学定律)。

Things get worse under pressure.。

压力下事情总会变糟

The Murphy Philosophy(墨菲哲学定律)。

Smile . . . tomorrow will be worse.。

笑一笑，明天会更糟

Quantization Revision of Murphy’s Laws(墨菲定律的量子版)。

Everything goes wrong all at once.。

任何事情总会突然变坏

Murphy’s Constant(墨菲常数)。

Matter will be damaged in direct proportion to its value。

事情会在正比于它价值方向上变坏。

Murphy’s Corollaries:(墨菲定律的推论)。

Left to themselves, things tend to go from bad to worse.。

任之，事坏甚

It is impossible to make anything foolproof because fools are so ingenious。

任何事情不能太简单，因为傻瓜也聪明。

Law of the Perversity of Nature (Mrs. Murphy’s Corollary):。

You cannot successfully determine beforehand which side of the bread to butter.。

你不能预先知道面包的哪一面涂了黄油。

Corollary (Jenning):。

The chance of the bread falling with the buttered side down is directly proportional to the cost of the carpet.。

Commentaries(注释)。

Hill’s Commentaries on Murphy’s Laws:。

1. If we lose much by having things go wrong, take all possible care.。

2. If we have nothing to lose by change, relax.。

3. If we have everything to gain by change, relax.。

4. If it doesn’t matter, it does not matter.。

O’Toole’s Commentary:。

Murphy was an optimist.。

NBC’s Addendum to Murphy’s Law(NBC墨菲定律补遗)。

You never run out of things that can go wrong.。

Murphy’s Military Laws(墨菲军事定律)。

1. Never share a foxhole with anyone braver than you are.。

2. No battle plan ever survives contact with the enemy.。

3. Friendly fire ain’t.。

4. The most dangerous thing in the combat zone is an officer with a map.。

5. The problem with taking the easy way out is that the enemy has already mined it.。

6. The buddy system is essential to your survival; it gives the enemy somebody else to shoot at.。

7. The further you are in advance of your own positions, the more likely your artillery will shoot short.。

8. Incoming fire has the right of way.。

9. If your advance is going well, you are walking into an ambush.。

10. The quartermaster has only two sizes, too large and too small.。

11. If you really need an officer in a hurry, take a nap.。

12. The only time suppressive fire works is when it is used on abandoned positions.。

13. The only thing more accurate than incoming enemy fire is incoming friendly fire.。

14. There is nothing more satisfying that having someone take a shot at you, and miss.。

15. Don’t be conspicuous. In the combat zone, it draws fire. Out of the combat zone, it draws sergeants.。

16. If your sergeant can see you, so can the enemy.。

Murphy’s Technology Laws(墨菲科技定律)。

1. You can never tell which way the train went by looking at the track.。

2. Logic is a systematic method of coming to the wrong conclusion with confidence.。

3. Whenever a system becomes completely defined, some damn fool discovers something which either abolishes the system or expands it beyond recognition.。

4. Technology is dominated by those who manage what they do not understand.。

5. If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker that came along would destroy civilization.。

6. The opulence of the front office decor varies inversely with the fundamental solvency of the firm.。

7. The attention span of a computer is only as long as it electrical cord.。

8. An expert is one who knows more and more about less and less until he knows absolutely everything about nothing.。

9. Tell a man there are 300 billion stars in the universe and he’ll believe you. Tell him a bench has wet paint on it and he’ll have to touch to be sure.。

10. All great discoveries are made by mistake.。

11. Always draw your curves, then plot your reading.。

12. Nothing ever gets built on schedule or within budget.。

13. All’s well that ends.。

14. A meeting is an event at which the minutes are kept and the hours are lost.。

15. The first myth of management is that it exists.。

16. A failure will not appear till a unit has passed final inspection.。

17. New systems generate new problems.。

18. To err is human, but to really foul things up requires a computer.。

19. We don’t know one millionth of one percent about anything.。

20.Any given program, when running, is obsolete.。

21. Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.。

22. A computer makes as many mistakes in two seconds as 20 men working 20 years make.。

23. The faster a computer is, the faster it will reach a crashed state.。

24. Nothing motivates a man more than to see his boss putting in an honest day’s work.。

25. Some people manage by the book, even though they don’t know who wrote the book or even what book.。

26. The primary function of the design engineer is to make things difficult for the fabricator and impossible for the serviceman.。

27. To spot the expert, pick the one who predicts the job will take the longest and cost the most.。

28. After all is said and done, a hell of a lot more is said than done.。

29. Any circuit design must contain at least one part which is obsolete, two parts which are unobtainable and three parts which are still under development.。

30. A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that works.。

31. If mathematically you end up with the incorrect answer, try multiplying by the page number.。

32. Computers are unreliable, but humans are even more unreliable. Any system which depends on human reliability is unreliable.。

33. Give all orders verbally. Never write anything down that might go into a “Pearl Harbor File.”

34. Under the most rigorously controlled conditions of pressure, temperature, volume, humidity, and other variables the organism will do as it damn well pleases.。

35. If you can’t understand it, it is intuitively obvious.。

36. The more cordial the buyer’s secretary, the greater the odds that the competition already has the order.。

37. In designing any type of construction, no overall dimension can be totalled correctly after 4:30 p.m. on 小发猫. The correct total will become self-evident at 8:15 a.m. on Monday.。

38. Fill what’s empty. Empty what’s full. And scratch where it itches.。

39. All things are possible except skiing through a revolving door.。

40. The only perfect science is hind-sight.。

41. Work smarder and not harder and be careful of yor speling.。

42. If it’s not in the computer, it doesn’t exist.。

43. If an experiment works, something has gone wrong.。

44. When all else fails, read the instructions.。

45. If there is a possibility of several things going wrong the one that will cause the most damage will be the one to go wrong.。

46. Everything that goes up must come down.。

47. Any instrument when dropped will roll into the least accessible corner.。

48. Any simple theory will be worded in the most complicated way.。

49. Build a system that even a fool can use and only a fool will want to use it.。

50. The degree of technical competence is inversely proportional to the level of management.。

51. Any attempt to print Murphy’s laws will jam the printer.。

Murphy’s Love Laws(墨菲爱情定律)。

1. All the good ones are taken.。

所有好的都有归宿

2. If the person isn’t taken, there’s a reason. (corr. to 1)。

如果没有，必然有原因(修正1)。

3. The nicer someone is, the farther away (s)he is from you.。

离你越远，便会越好

4. Brains x Beauty x Availability = Constant.。

聪明x漂亮x可得=常数

5. The amount of love someone feels for you is inversely proportional to how much you love them.。

别人对你的爱和你爱别人成反比

6. Money can’t buy love, but it sure gets you a great bargaining position.。

钱不能买到爱，但能给你好的指望(议价地位?)。

7. The best things in the world are free — and worth every penny of it.。

世上最好的是自由—值得一切

8. Every kind action has a not-so-kind reaction.。

9. Nice guys(girls) finish last.。

10. If it seems too good to be true, it probably is.。

11. Availability is a function of time. The minute you get interested is the minute they find someone else.。

Murphy’s Laws of sex(墨菲性律)。

1. The more beautiful the woman is who loves you, the easier it is to leave her with no hard feelings.。

2. Nothing improves with age.。

3. No matter how many times you’ve had it, if it’s offered take it, because it’ll never be quite the same again.。

4. Sex has no calories.。

5. Sex takes up the least amount of time and causes the most amount of trouble.。

6. There is no remedy for sex but more sex.。

7. Sex appeal is 50% what you’ve got and 50% what people think you’ve got.。

8. No sex with anyone in the same office.。

9. Sex is like snow; you never know how many inches you are going to get or how long it is going to last.。

10. A man in the house is worth two in the street.。

11. If you get them by the balls, their hearts and minds will follow.。

12. Virginity can be cured.。

13. When a man’s wife learns to understand him, she usually stops listening to him.。

14. Never sleep with anyone crazier than yourself.。

15. The qualities that most attract a woman to a man are usually the same ones she can’t stand years later.。

16. Sex is dirty only if it’s done right.。

17. It is always the wrong time of month.。

18. The best way to hold a man is in your arms.。

19. When the lights are out, all women are beautiful.。

20. Sex is hereditary. If your parents never had it, chances are you won’t either.。

21. Sow your wild oats on Saturday night — Then on Sunday pray for crop failure.。

22. The younger the better.。

23. The game of love is never called off on account of darkness.。

24. It was not the apple on the tree but the pair on the ground that caused the trouble in the garden.。

25. Sex discriminates against the shy and the ugly.。

26. Before you find your handsome prince, you’ve got to kiss a lot of frogs.。

27. There may be some things better than sex, and some things worse than sex. But there is nothing exactly like it.。

28. Love your neighbor, but don’t get caught.。

29. Love is a hole in the heart.。

30. If the effort that went in research on the female bosom had gone into our space program, we would now be running hot-dog stands on the moon.。

31. Love is a matter of chemistry, sex is a matter of physics.。

32. Do it only with the best.。

33. Sex is a three-letter word which needs some old-fashioned four-letter words to convey its full meaning.。

34. One good turn gets most of the blankets.。

35. You cannot produce a baby in one month by impregnating nine women.。

36. Love is the triumph of imagination over intelligence.。

37. It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.。

38. Thou shalt not commit adultery…..unless in the mood.。

39. Never lie down with a woman who’s got more troubles than you.。

40. Abstain from wine, women, and song; mostly song.。

41. Never argue with a women when she’s tired — or rested.。

42. A woman never forgets the men she could have had; a man, the women he couldn’t.。

43. What matters is not the length of the wand, but the magic in the stick.。

44. It is better to be looked over than overlooked.。

45. Never say no.。

46. A man can be happy with any woman as long as he doesn’t love her.。

47. Folks playing leapfrog must complete all jumps.。

48. Beauty is skin deep; ugly goes right to the bone.。

49. Never stand between a fire hydrant and a dog.。

50. A man is only a man, but a good bicycle is a ride.。

51. Love comes in spurts.。

52. The world does not revolve on an axis.。

53. Sex is one of the nine reasons for reincarnation; the other eight are unimportant.。

54. Smile, it makes people wonder what you are thinking.。

55. Don’t do it if you can’t keep it up.。

56. There is no difference between a wise man and a fool when they fall in love.。

57. Never go to bed mad, stay up and fight.。

58. Love is the delusion that one woman differs from another.。

59. “This won’t hurt, I promise.”

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原文地址：http://www.qianchusai.com/unobtainable-90.html