yank含义

为什么扬基（Yankee)是美国人的代称？

学习词汇，特别是动词，最好了解动词的本意，在根据语言环境，翻成恰当的汉语，yank 在口语中有：make joke on sb. 含义，就是汉语中拿某人开涮之义，所以 don't yanking me 翻成别折磨我也能说得通，

以Y开头的英语单词有哪些是贬义词？

"Uncle Sam"是美国人的绰号。它源自1812-1814年间美英战争时期的一个历史传说。 相传在纽约州的特洛伊城(Troy)有位年长的肉类加工商，名叫塞缪尔·威尔逊(Samuel Wilson)。他勤劳、诚实、能干，很有威信，人们亲切地叫他"山姆大叔(Uncle Sam)"( Sam为Samuel的昵称)。在1812年的美英战争中，他的工厂与政府签了一份为军队生产桶装牛肉的合同，美国政府每当收到他交来的经其亲自检验合格的牛肉，就将肉装入特制的木桶，并在桶上盖上US的记号。由于Uncle Sam的首字母是US，而美国(The United States)的缩写也是U.S.，于是人们便把这两个名称合二为一了。于是当地的人们就把"山姆大叔"当成美国的绰号，并逐渐流传开来。"山姆大叔"勤劳开朗的性格和爱国热忱，体现了美国人民的天性和精神。19世纪30年代，美国漫画家根据历史传说，赋予"山姆大叔"形象，于是出现了一个蓄着胡子的高瘦老头形象。他头戴饰星高顶帽，身穿红、白、蓝三色燕尾服和条纹裤(美国星条旗的图案)。 美国人的绰号，除了"Uncle Sam"外，还有"Brother Jonathan"和"Yankee"。"Brother Jonathan"代表美国人，源自华盛顿的好友，美国民族英雄、革命志士"Jonathan Trumbull"(1710-1785)。据说，华盛顿经常向他请教问题，而且亲切地唤他作"Brother Jonathan(乔纳森兄弟)"。至于"Yankee"(扬基)，最初是指在美国东北部新英格兰地区定居的殖民者。在美国南北战争(1861-1865)期间，"Yankee"的含义扩大了。南方军人把北方各州的士兵都叫作"Yankee(北方佬)"。在第一次世界大战(1914-1918)期间，"Yankee"简化成"Yank"。一唱起"The Yanks Are Coming(扬基来了)"这支歌，欧洲那些处境艰难的协约国人民无不欢欣流泪。从那时起，"Yankee"对于欧洲人来说，就成了美国兵或美国人的代称了。在拉丁美洲，Yankee拼作Yanqui，在民族独立运动风起云涌的五十年代，长期遭受美国剥削和压迫的拉丁美洲人民发出了Yanqui go home!(美国佬滚回老家去！)的吼声，对美国的经济利益和政治影响可说是一个巨大的打击。

yankdood是什么意思?

yahoo 粗人yak 喋喋不休地讲 瞎扯。

yank 美国佬(具有侮辱性)。

yecch 讨厌!!(用于对某事强烈的厌恶)。

yid 犹太人(在国外犹太人是被看不起的)yob 野小子yokel 乡八佬 土包子。

yuck 讨厌!!(用于对某事强烈的厌恶)。

以I、L、O、V、E、Y、O、U分别以这几个字母开头的单词。

要贬义的。一个字母有一个就可以了。

inconsistency反复无常的lust淫欲outrageous蛮横的vain自负的evil邪恶的yucky令人极度厌恶的。

oppressive残酷的，不公正的ugly丑陋的idiot白痴lazy懒惰的venomous狠毒的。

eerie可怕的

obdurate顽固的ugly丑陋的记得很久以前有一天，我和一位朋友看CCTV的英语新闻，那天有一位国家领导人逝世，播音员正在播送讣告，称赞他是“久经考验的共产主义战士，杰出的政治家(politician)”，等等。听到politician这个词，我大吃一惊！politician这个词，在英语中通常是一个贬义词，意思是“耍手腕、弄权术、搞阴谋的政客”，而汉语中的“政治家”，通常是一个褒义词，两者在深层含义方面是有很大差别的。

我把这个想法告诉我身边的朋友，他却反问我：你凭什么说politician是贬义词？你可以查查词典，那上面根本没有“耍手腕、弄权术、搞阴谋”的意思。我说，是的，国内出版的《英汉词典》上，确实没有这些贬义含义，但如果你查一下比较大型的《英英词典》，就能看到这些贬义含义。听我这样一说，朋友又反问我：如果不用politician，你说用什么？我说应当用statesman，这才是“政治家”的褒义词。我朋友听后，连连摇头，说这个词不常用。

通过这件小事，我发现一个很奇怪的现象，国内的英语文章中，经常使用一些并不恰当的单词，而真正恰当的单词，却没有使用。比如propaganda(宣传)，在西方人的印象中，这是一个很贬义的单词，意思是“把不正确、不可靠的消息灌输给大众”，有煽动、鼓动的含义(比如agitprop)，而在国内，这个词却广泛使用，甚至连各级党委宣传部门的英文名称中，也包含这个单词。我认为，与propaganda相比，publicizing要好一些，基本上没有贬义，比较中性，建议优先使用后者。

写到这里，我又想起另外一个本来是贬义，却被错误地当成褒义，一直沿用了几十年的单词，peasant(农民)。我听一位教英语的朋友讲，随便找一位90年代以前毕业的大学生，问他“农民”怎样说，他肯定会说是peasant。其实这个单词是相当贬义的，通常用来表示那些粗鲁、无知的乡巴佬，已经近乎骂街。幸亏有一些留学归国人员，向教育主管部门反映了这个问题，90年代以后出版的英语教科书中，才删除了这个单词，改用farmer代替它。

总之我觉得，随着中国逐渐融入国际社会，我们有必要对英语词汇进行更加深入的研究，以便我们能够用比较准确、比较恰当的英语词汇，来反映中国的现实和形象，从而达到让外国人更好地理解中国，而不是更多地误解中国的目的。

英国英文和美国英文不同的词

是指Yankee Doodle。

就是指早起美国的那些年轻人。也是美国康州的州歌，

carol英文名寓意是什么？

以下这个表很全，左边是英国，右边是美国的说法。

BRITISH TO AMERICAN 。

Accumulator (automotive) = battery, car battery 。

Alsatian (dog) = German shepherd 。

Articulated lorry = tractor-trailer (truck), a "semi" 。

Ass = donkey; U.S. ass = G.B. "arse," i.e. one's backside (in addition to normal "donkey") 。

Athletics (an ... meet) = track and field 。

Backlog = log-jam, pile-up (of business orders, for example). U.S. backlog = comfortable reserve of orders — difference between the two is in opposite interpretation or connotation of same basic situation. 。

Bank holiday = holiday 。

Bap = bun, hamburger bun, hamburger roll 。

Mrs. Beeton = Fanny Farmer (standard cooking, household reference book) 。

Bespoke = custom-tailored, tailor-made 。

Big Dipper = roller coaster (at a "Fun-Fair" = "Amusement Park" 。

Bilberry = blueberry 。

"Bird" = "chick" 。

Biro = Papermate (ball-point pen trade name which equals "generic" name) 。

Biscuit = cookie (U.S. "biscuit" is a baked bread, "bap," "scone" 。

Blancmange = vanilla pudding 。

Block, block of flats = apartment building (U.S. term "block" [city block] unknown as such in British English, though usually understandable. 。

"Bomb" (theater terminology) = a "hit," a great success. U.S. "bomb" = G.B. failure, critical disaster, i.e. the two are exact opposites in sentences like "The play was a bomb!" 。

Boiler suit = overalls 。

Bonnet (automotive) = hood (of a car...) 。

Boot (automotive) = trunk (of a car...) 。

Bottom drawer = hope chest 。

Bowler (hat) = derby (special connotations & different pronunc.) 。

Braces = suspenders; U.S. suspenders = G.B. garters, stocking fasteners 。

Brambleberry = blackberry 。

Bottom of the street = end of the street 。

Box (TV) = Tube (both slang, colloquial terms) 。

Bull = "mickey mouse" (unnecessary military drill); U.S. bull = G.B. cock 。

Bum = ass, rectum; U.S. bum = G.B. tramp, derelict 。

Bun in the oven = pregnant, eating for two 。

Call box = (tele)phone booth 。

Camp bed = cot; U.S. cot = G.B. baby bed 。

Car park = parking lot 。

Caretaker (for a building) = janitor (not same as "vahtimestari") 。

Carriage (railway) = railroad car, subway car 。

Carrier bag = shopping bag 。

Caucus = permanent group in a political party; U.S. caucus = G.B. ad hoc planning meeting of a group in a political party 。

Central reservation = median strip (between halves of a divided highway) 。

Charge sheet = police record 。

Chemist (drugstore) = druggist 。

Chips = french fries; U.S. chips often = dried buffalo, cow dung (other cases, i.e. poker chips, wood chips, the same) 。

Chucker-out = bouncer (doorman or "enforcer" in a bar/restaurant 。

"In the City" = "on Wall Street" (in main financial district) 。

City editor = financial editor; U.S. city editor = G.B. "community news editor" 。

Cloakroom = toilet; U.S. cloakroom = clothes closet, garment storage area 。

Coach = intercity bus 。

Combinations = union suit (colloquial for long underwear) 。

Comforter = scarf; U.S. comforter = heavy quilt, blanket 。

Compére = Master of ceremonies, M.C. (of TV game show, etc.) 。

Constable = (police) officer 。

"To cop" = "to get" something unpleasant, i.e. "to cop a 15-pound fine." U.S. "to cop" = to plead guilty to a lesser charge in order to avoid prosecution & probable conviction on a more serious charge ("to cop a plea" = "plea-bargaining") 。

Corn = all grain crops; U.S. corn = G.B. "maize" only. 。

Costermonger = pushcart seller 。

(Sent to) Coventry = ostracized 。

Crisps = potato chips 。

Cupboard = closet; U.S. closet = G.B. w.c., or toilet 。

Davenport = antique folding writing desk; U.S. davenport = large sofa, often which folds out into a bed at night. 。

Deposit account = savings account 。

Dinner jacket = tuxedo ("black tie" formal dress) 。

Dormitory = bedroom; U.S. dormitory = G.B. residence hall 。

Dresser = kitchen sideboard; U.S. dresser = bedroom drawers, vanity 。

"Duck" = "goose egg" (a zero on the scoreboard of a sports match) 。

Dumb = mute; U.S. dumb usually means "stupid" rather than "mute," which is a secondary meaning in U.S. usage. 。

Dustbin = garbage can, ashcan (exterior waste-disposal unit) 。

Dynamo (automotive) = generator (within automobile engine) 。

Earth wire = ground wire (in electricity, electronics) 。

Elastic band = rubber band 。

To Enjoin = to compel, to legally force; U.S. enjoin = to legally forbid — i.e. same term in same general contextual usage has precisely the opposite meaning 。

Ex-serviceman = veteran; U.S. veteran = G.B. old ex-serviceman; (U.S. term has no special age connotation, only that the person have had prior military experience sometime) 。

Fag = (a) cigarette; (b) public-school underclass "servant"; U.S. fag = low-slang term for male homosexual. 。

Fanny = vagina (vulgar usage); U.S. fanny = light euphemism for "backside," either male or female. 。

First floor = second floor, etc. (Britain walks in ground floor, goes up 1 set of stairs to first floor; U.S. ground floor and first floor are the same. 。

Fish slice = pancake turner, spatula (kitchen tool); U.S. spatula = G.B. tongue depressor (medical instrument) 。

Fitted carpet = wall-to-wall carpeting 。

Flan = pie, fruit pie 。

Flannel = washcloth; U.S. flannel = heavy warm cotton fabric; "flannels" would be long underwear made from such heavy warm fabric. 。

Flat = apartment; U.S. flat = tenement flat = poor-standard slum apartment. 。

Flick knife = switch-blade knife, a switchblade 。

Flyover = overpass (as in a bridge over a road); U.S. flyover = airplane passing over a certain place, as in military parade "flyovers"; verb is "to overfly." 。

Form (school) = grade [i.e. first form = first grade in school] 。

Garden = yard; U.S. garden = vegetable garden, fljower garden, i.e. area of special cultivation. U.S. yard = G.B. paved area (lorry yards) 。

Goods (car, train) = freight; U.S. goods = supplies, commercial stock 。

Grind = sexual intercourse; U.S. grind = slang for "hard (routine) work." 。

Haberdasher = notions seller; U.S. haberdasher = men's clothing seller 。

To Hack = to (deliberately) kick; U.S. to hack = to chop, cut viciously. 。

High street = Main street 。

To Hire = to rent (in most cases); U.S. to hire = to employ Hire-purchase = (the "never-never") = installment plan 。

Hoarding = billboard (large advertising sign alongside road) 。

Hold up = traffic jam; U.S. holdup = robbery at gunpoint. 。

Homely = home-loving, domestic, pleasant; U.S. homely = plain- looking (female), therefore often "left" at home. 。

To Hoover = to vacuum (carpets, etc.) "Hoover" in the U.S. is a brand name only, never used as a verb. 。

Inland = internal, domestic (Inland Revenue = Internal Revenue) 。

Inverted commas = quotation marks (GB = 'xx'; USA = "xx") 。

Inquiry agent = private detective 。

Jelly = Jello (deriving from brand name Jell-O, gelatin dessert) 。

"On the job" = having sexual intercourse; U.s. "on the job" = while working, learning, i.e. "on the job training." 。

Joint = pot roast; U.S. "joint" = marijuana cigarette 。

Juggernaut lorry = a very large truck, an overlong truck, a "double semi" truck 。

Jumble sale = rummage sale 。

Jumper = light pullover (sweater); U.S. jumper = type of knee- length woman's dress worn over blouse or sweater 。

Kirby grips = bobby pins (to fasten long hair ...) 。

A Knock-up = (tennis) to warm up, to volley a few, to practice-volley 。

To Knock up = to awaken, call early in the morning; U.S. "to knock up" is colloquial for "to impregnate" 。

Lacquer = hairspray; U.S. lacquer = wood varnish, shellac (high-gloss), i.e. protective decorative wood coating 。

Ladder = (in women's stockings" = a runner, a run 。

Lay-by = (beside a road) = a pull-off, a rest area. 。

Left-luggage office = check room, baggage check (room) 。

Level crossing = railroad crossing. 。

Lift = elevator 。

Lip balm = chapstick 。

Logic-chopping = splitting hairs, hair-splitting 。

Long jump (in athletics) = broad jump (in track and field) 。

Lorry = truck

Loud-hailer = bullhorn, amplified megaphone 。

Lucky dip = grab bag (children's party game or activity ...) 。

Lumber room = spare room, storage room (in a home) 。

Mackintosh = raincoat, overcoat, trenchcoat 。

Mains = ordinary built-in home electrical network (no special word as equivalent in U.S.) 。

Market garden = truck farm 。

Marrow (vegetable) = squash, gourd 。

Mason = stoneworker; U.S. mason can be stone- or brickworker 。

Marriage lines = marriage certificate 。

Mean = stingy, tight with money; U.S. "mean" normally means nasty, spiteful, ill-meaning in action toward another 。

Mess kit = formal military dress for ceremonial dining; U.S. mess kit = army or boy scout utensils for cooking or eating a meal on the trail. 。

Minced meat = hamburger meat, ground beef; U.S. mincemeat = sweet, spicy ground meat/fruit/nut combination used for making pies, especially around Thanksgiving/Christmas 。

Mineral water = any carbonated soft drink; U.S. mineral water = bottled natural water (containing normal minerals) from spring or health spa, Perrier water, etc. 。

Mistress = teacher in girls' school; U.S. mistress = lover (extramarital) 。

Mob = gang, group (neutral); U.S. mob = angry crowd; "the mob" = Mafia 。

Motorist, motoring = driver, driving 。

Music Hall = vaudeville (generic entertainment type/place name) 。

Nappy = diaper (for infants not toilet-trained) 。

A Neat drink = a straight drink, i.e. "give me a straight whiskey" = whiskey without water or other additives 。

Nervy = nervous, jumpy; U.S. nervy = bold, impertinent, i.e. nearly the opposite of the British usage 。

Night club = private membership club; U.S. nightclubs are public (commercial) entertainment places 。

Number plate = license plate (on automobiles) 。

Off-license = liquor store 。

Old boy (girl) = alumni, alumnus, alumna [of a school] 。

Pantechnicon = moving van 。

Panda car = police patrol car, police cruiser 。

Patience (card game) = Solitaire 。

Pecker (keep your pecker up) = keep your chin up; U.S. pecker = penis 。

Pram (peramulator) = baby carriage, baby buggy, stroller, walker 。

Petrol = gasoline, gas (to go in automobiles, airplane, etc.) 。

Pie = meat pie; U.S. pie is always a fruit or fruit-derived pie, unless "a meat pie" is specifically indicated 。

Pillar-box = mailbox, post office box, letter box, letter drop 。

Pissed (he was really...) = drunk; U.S. "pissed = angry, upset 。

Pitch (soccer) = field (football) [GB "football" = US "soccer"] 。

Plimsolls = sneakers, tennis shoes, gym shoes 。

Point = electric outlet, railroad switch (depending on context) 。

Polka dots = chocolate chips (food product for baking) 。

Prawn = shrimp 。

Prom, prom concert = music concerts where most of the audience is standing; U.S. prom = dance, semi-formal, especially at end of year in high schools, colleges 。

Rates = local, municipal property taxes 。

Redundant = laid off (from a job); U.S. redundant = superfluous (no connotation of connection with jobs at all) 。

Return ticket = round-trip ticket 。

Ringway = circular road (around a city), bypass 。

Rise = raise in salary 。

To Roger = to "screw," have sex with; to exploit, take advantage of, to use 。

Roll neck (pullover) = turtleneck (sweater). 。

Roundabout = traffic circle 。

Rubber = eraser; U.S. rubber = condom, prophylactic device 。

Saloon = "sedan" car (automobile); US saloon = western-style bar 。

Saloon bar = one section of an English pub 。

Sanitary towel = sanitary napkin, feminine hygienic item 。

A good screw = a good salary; U.S. "good screw" equals good "fuck" or good sexual experience 。

To Screw = to cajole, persuade, extract money from; U.S. "to screw" = to have sex with, fornicate 。

Season ticket = commuter (train, bus) weekly or monthly ticket; U.S. season ticket is admission ticket to all home games in one season of a particular sports team 。

To Second to = to temporarily loan staff to another job or unit 。

Sellotape = Scotch tape (both brand names now used as "generics" 。

"Semi" = duplex, duplex house; U.S. "semi" = tractor-trailer truck rig 。

Seminary = Roman Catholic seminary only; U.S. Seminary can be ANY religion, i.e. Lutheran, Methodist seminaries 。

Sherbet = powdered, fruit-flavored candy; U.S. sherbet = G.B. sorbet (pronounced "soorbay") 。

Shorthand-typist = stenographer 。

To shy = to throw something (he shied a rock at the stray dog...) 。

Sideboards = sideburns (in a hairstyle) 。

Single = one-way ticket; U.S. "single" in context would mean "only one" as opposed to "several" tickets 。

To Snog = to neck (i.e. kissing, hugging, etc., esp teenagers) 。

Spinster = any unmarried woman; U.S. spinster is always OLD unmarried woman 。

Standard lamp = floor lamp (as opposed to table or wall lamp) 。

S.T.D. (subscriber trunk dialling) = direct distance dialling [on the telephone, as opposed to dialling through operator] 。

Steps = ladder; U.S. "steps" always would mean staircase, built- in stairway or staircase 。

To stream (pupils in a school) = to track (streaming = tracking) 。

Stroke (punctuation) = diagonal, slash 。

To Stuff = to fornicate, have sex with; U.S. "I'm stuffed..." = to be comfortably, pleasantly full of food, satiated 。

Sub-editor = copy reader or rewrite person, in journalism 。

Subs = dues, as in union dues, etc. 。

Subway = underground walking passage, underpass, pedestrian tunnel; U.S. subway = G.B. "underground," i.e. underground railway system for public transportation 。

Superannuation scheme = retirement pension plan 。

Supply teacher = substitute teacher 。

Supertax = surtax 。

Surgery = a doctor's office, office hours, reception time; U.S. "surgery" refers to "surgeon" operating on a patient 。

Suspenders = garters, for socks or stockings only; U.S. suspenders = G.B. braces, for holding up trousers 。

Sweet = dessert, or piece of candy 。

Sweetshop = candy store 。

To Table (parliamentary procedure, conference terminology) = to put on agenda for immediate handling; U.S. "to table" = to put aside [indefinitely], to delay further handling 。

Tannoy = public address (p.a.) amplification system 。

Teat = baby bottle nipple; US teat = GB nipple = breast nipple 。

Terrace house = row house, garden apartment, town house 。

Are you Through? (telephone) = are you connected; U.S. "are you through"? = are you finished, completed, with your call 。

To tick = to check, place check mark beside 。

Tights = hose, panty hoseh, nylons, nylon stockings; U.S. tights = leotards, skin-tight exercise suit, knit stocking pants 。

Tinkle = telephone call [give me a tinkle sometime]; U.S. "tinkle" = children's talk for "to urinate" 。

Tip = garbage dump; U.S. tip = hint, advice, clue 。

Torch = flashlight; U.S. torch = burning, flaming light or weapon 。

Touchline = sideline (in sports, such as on soccer pitch, etc.) 。

Tower block = high-rise apartment building 。

Trade union = labor union (but usually organized by "trades" in England, by "industry" in the U.S. — US "Auto Workers' Union" would be represented by different "trades" in GB) 。

Tram = streetcar, trolley car 。

Transport cafe = truck stop (roadside cafeteria, restaurant, popular with truck [lorry] drivers 。

Traveller = travelling salesman 。

Treacle = molasses 。

Trousers = pants; U.S. pants = G.B. underwear shorts 。

Trunk call = long-distance call (on a telephone) 。

Turn it up (colloquial) = stop it, cut it out! U.S. "turn it up" = increase the volume 。

Undercarrige = landing gear (aircraft) 。

Underdone = rare (extent to which you wish your meat cooked) 。

Underground= subway (cf "subway") 。

Vest = undershirt; U.S. Vest = G.B. waistcoat 。

Windscreen (automotive) = windshield 。

Wing (automotive) = fender, bumper (pre-70s designs...) 。

White spirit = turpentine, paint thinner; U.S. "white lightning" (spirits) = potent home-distilled backwoods alcohol! 。

Wholemeal = whole-wheat (bread, flour, etc.) 。

Yankee/Yank = any American in general, U.S. Yankee = Northeast erner ONLY, i.e. specific regional, historical definition 。

Zebra crossing = crosswalk, pedestrian crossing (Ped Xing) 。

"Zed" = "Zee" (pronunciation of last letter in alphabet)。

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