inflammable-50

英语作文，Bush Fire，专家或高手请进！

super－ 1. 超，超级 superpower 超级大国 。

super－ 2. 上 superstructure 上层建筑 。

super－ 3. 过度，过多 superexcitation 过度兴奋 。

supra－ 超，上 suprarenal 肾上腺的 。

sur－ 1. 上，外，超 surcharge 超载 。

sur－ 2. 使成...，加强意义 surround 包围 用在r前 。

sym－ 共同，相同 symmetry 对称 用在b,m,p前 。

syn－ 共同，相同 synthesis 合成 。

tele－ 1. 电 telecommunication 电信 。

tele－ 2. 远程 telemetry 远距离测量 。

tetra－ 四 tetrachord 四弦乐器 。

trans－ 1. 越过，横过，超 translucent 半透明的 。

trans－ 2. 转移，变换 transport 运输 。

tri－ 三 triangle 三角 。

twi－ 二，两 twin 双胞胎 。

ultra－ 1. 极端 ultrathin 极薄的 。

ultra－ 2. 超，以外 ultramarine 海外的 。

un－ 1. 不 unfortunate 不幸的 。

un－ 2. 无 unmanned 无人驾驶的 。

un－ 3. 非 unartificial 非人工的 。

un－ 4. 未 uncivilized 未开化的 。

un－ 5. 相反动作，取消 unbutton 解开钮扣 。

un－ 6. 由...中弄出 unbosom 吐露（心事）

under－ 1. 下 underworld 下层社会 。

under－ 2. 内（用于衣服） undershirt 帖身内衣 。

under－ 3. 不足，少 underestimate 估计不足 。

under－ 4. 副，次 underking 副王，小王 。

uni－ 单一 unicorn 独角兽 。

vice－ 副 vice－manager 副经理 。

with－ 向后，相反 withdraw 撤回，撤退 。

－"s 1. 所有格 (a) today"s 今日的 。

－"s 2. 店铺 (n) greengrocer"s 菜场 。

－a 构成复数名词 (n) stadia 体育馆 单数以um结尾 。

－ability 可...性 (n) dependability 可靠性 。

－able 可...的 (a) inflammable 易燃的 。

－ably 可...地 (ad) suitably 合适地 。

－aceous 有...性质的 (a) carbonaceous 含碳的 。

－acious 具有...的，多...的 (a) sagacious 聪明的 。

－acity 性质等（抽象）(n) veracity 诚实，真实 。

－acle 构成名词 (n) manacle 手铐 。

－acy 性质等（抽象）(n) fallacy 谬误 。

－ade 1. 行为等 (n) blockade 封锁 。

－ade 2. 物（...制成）(n) lemonade 柠檬水 。

－ade 3. 人和集体 (n) cavalcade 骑兵队 。

－age 1. 集合名词 (n) foliage 叶子 。

－age 2. 场所、地点 (n) orphanage 孤儿院 。

－age 3. 费用 (n) postage 邮资 。

－age 4. 行为 (n) pilgrimage 朝圣 。

－age 5. 状态，身分 (n) reportage 报告文学 。

－age 6. 物 (n) carriage 马车，客车厢 。

－ain 人 (n) chieftain 酋长，头子 。

－aire 1. 人 (n) millionaire 百万富翁 。

－aire 2. 物 (n) questionaire 调查问卷 。

－al 1. 有...性质的 (a) continental 大陆的 。

－al 2. 行为（抽象）(n) withdrawal 撤退 。

－al 3. 人 (n) rival 竟争者 。

－al 4. 物 (n) manual 手册 。

－ality ..性，（抽象）(n) technicality 技术性 。

－ally 方式，程度等 (ad) conditionally 有条件地 。

－an 1. 属于...的 (a) metropolitan 大都市的 。

－an 2. 人 (n) pubican 旅店主人 。

－ance 情况等（抽象）(n) buoyance 浮力 。

－ancy 情况等（抽象）(n) elegancy 优美，高雅 。

－aneity 性质等（抽象）(n) contemporaneity 同时代 。

－aneous 有...性质的 (a) subterraneous 地下的 。

－ant 1. 属于...的 (a) luxuriant 奢华的 。

－ant 2. 人 (n) participant 参与者 。

－ant 3. 物 (n) excitant 兴奋剂 。

－ar 1. 有...性质的 (a) consular 领事的 。

－ar 2. 人 (n) liar 说谎的人 。

－ar 3. 物 (n) altar 祭坛 。

－ard 人（贬义）(n) bastard 私生子 。

－arian 1. 人 (n) parliamentarian 国会议员 。

－arian 2. 兼形容词 (n,a) vegetarian 吃素者（的）

－arily 有...性质地 (ad) extraordinarily 不寻常地 。

－arium 场所，...馆 (n) planetarium 天文馆 。

－ary 1. 有...性质的 (a) customary 习惯的 。

－ary 2. 场所，地点 (n) apiary 养蜂场 。

－ary 3. 人 (n) secretary 书记，秘书 。

－ary 4. 物 (n) glossary 词汇表 。

－asm 性质（抽象）(n) sarcasm 讥讽 。

－ast 人 (n) enthusiast 热心者 。

－aster 人（卑称）(n) medicaster 江湖医生 。

－ate 1. 做，造成 (v) activate 激活 。

－ate 2. 有...性质的 (a) private 私人的 。

－ate 3. 人 (n) graduate 毕业生 。

－ate 4. 职位，职权 (n) professoriate 教授职位 。

－ate 5. 构成化学名词 (n) acetate 醋酸盐 。

－atic 有...性质的 (a) diagrammatic 图解的 。

－ation 1. 行为，情况 (n) invitation 邀请 。

－ation 2. 行为的过程 (n) reformation 改革 。

－ative 与...有关的 (a) affirmative 肯定的 。

－ator 做...工作的人，物 (n) calculator 计算机 。

－atory 1. 具有...的 (a) exclamatory 感叹的 。

－atory 2. 场所，地点 (n) observatory 天文台 。

－cian ...学家 (n) clinician 临床医学专家 。

－cracy 统治 (n) bureaucracy 官僚主义 。

－crat 参加者，支持者 (n) democrat 民主主义者 。

－cy 性质，状态 (n) infancy 幼年期 。

－dom 1. 情况，身分 (n) freedom 自由 。

－dom 2. 领域，...界 (n) sportsdom 体育界 。

－e 构成复数名词 (n) larvae 幼虫 单数以a结尾 。

－ed 1. 构成过去式 (v) showed 展示 规则动词 。

－ed 2. 构成过去分词 (v) published 出版 规则动词 。

－ed 3. 已完成的 (a) destroyed 毁灭的 。

－ee 受动者 (n) employee 雇员 。

－eer 关系者，管理者 (n) volunteer 志愿者 。

－en 1. 含...的，...制的 (a) golden 含金的 。

－en 2. 使成为 (v) widen 加宽 。

－ence 性质，状态，行为 (n) existence 存在 。

－ent 有...性质的 (a) deterrent 妨碍的 。

－er 1. 人 (n) fighter 战士 。

－er 2. ...的住民 (n) villager 村民 。

－er 3. 制作者 (n) hatter 帽商。

－er 4. 物 (n) harvester 收割机 。

－er 5. 更... (a,ad) better 更好的 比较级 。

－ern 在...方的 (a) northern 北方的 。

－es 1. 构成复数名词 (n) bushes 灌木 单数或原型结尾 。

ch,is,o,s,sh,x,z 。

－es 2. 第三人称单数 (v) does 做 。

－ese ...民族的 (a) Japanese 日本的 。

－ess 阴性 (n) airhostess 空姐 。

－est 最... (a,ad) nicest 最佳的 最高级 。

－et 小 (n) floweret 小花 。

－fold ...倍的，...重的 (a) multifold 多倍的 。

－ful 1. 有...性质的 (a) beautiful 美丽的 。

－ful 2. ...的量 (n) teaspoonful 一茶匙 。

－fully 有...性质地 (ad) carefully 小心地 。

－fy 使...化 (v) electrify 通电 。

－graph 信号 (n) electrograph 电传真 。

－hood 性质，状态 (n) childhood 童年 。

－i 构成复数名词 (n) fungi 真菌 单数以us结尾 。

－ial 1. ...的 (a) industrial 工业的 。

－ial 2. 行为（抽象）(n) trial 审判 。

－ial 3. 人 (n) official 官员 。

－ial 4. 物 (n) material 材料 。

－ian 1. ...的 (a) antemeridian 午前的 。

－ian 2. ...民族的 (a) Canadian 加拿大的 。

－ian 3. ...的人，...学家 (n) custodian 保管人 。

－ibility 可...性 (n) responsibility 责任 。

－ible 可...的 (a) possible 可能的 。

－ibly 可...地 (ad) terribly 可怕地 。

－ic 1. ...的 (a) basic 基本的 。

－ic 2. ...的人 (n) critic 批评家 。

－ic 3. 学科 (n) logic 逻辑学 。

－ical ...的 (a) identical 全等的 。

－ice 行为，动作，状态 (n) service 服务 。

－icious 具有...的，多...的 (a) suspicious 可疑的 。

－icity 性质 (n) authenticity 真实性，可靠性 。

－ics 学科 (n) physics 物理学 。

－ies 1. 构成复数名词 (n) counties 县 单数以y结尾 。

－ies 2. 第三人称单数 (v) cries 哭 原型以y结尾 。

－ing 1. 构成现在分词 (v) hoping 希望 。

－ing 2. 正在进行的 (a) developing 发展中的 。

－ing 3. 构成名词 (n) feeling 感觉 。

－ious 具有...特性的 (a) glorious 光荣的 。

－ise 使...化 (v) surprise 使惊愕 BrE 。

－ish 1. ...民族的 (a) Turkish 土耳其的 。

－ish 2. 有点...的 (a) tallish 稍高的 。

－ish 3. 有...性质的 (a) foolish 笨的 。

－ish 4. 造成，致使 (v) finish 结束 。

－ism 主义，学说，状态 (n) socialism 社会主义 。

－ist ...主义者，...家 (n) novelist 小说家 。

－it ...的动作 (n) pursuit 追求 。

－ity 性质，状态 (n) solidarity 团结 。

－ium （化学）元素名 (n) calcium 钙 。

－ive 有...性质的 (a) attractive 迷人的 。

－ize 使...化 (v) initialize 初始化 AmE 。

－kin 小 (n) princekin 小王子 。

－less 无，没有，不 (a) hopeless 绝望的 。

－let 小 (n) booklet 小册子 。

－like 似...的 (n) catlike 猫样的 。

－ling 小（轻蔑）(n) starling 小星星 。

－logy 学科 (n) astrology 占星术 。

－ly 1. 像...的 (a) friendly 友好的 。

－ly 2. 方式，程度等 (ad) chiefly 首要地 。

－ly 3. 每隔...发生的 (a) monthly 每月一次的 。

－ment 行为，结果，手段 (n) implement 工具 。

－most 最... (a) utmost 极端的 不是最高级 。

－ness 性质，状态，程度 (n) illness 疾病 。

－or 1. 人 (n) emperor 皇帝 。

－or 2. 物 (n) tractor 拖拉机 。

－or 3. 状态，性质 (n) color 颜色 AmE 。

－ory 1. 有...效果的 (a) satisfactory 令人满意的 。

－ory 2. ...的处所 (n) category 目录 。

－our 状态，性质 (n) favour 好感 BrE 。

－ous 具有...特性的 (a) dangerous 危险的 。

－que 概念 (n) techique 技巧 。

－ress 阴性 (n) actress 女演员 。

－ry 1. 性质，行为 (n) rivalry 敌对 。

－ry 2. 境遇，身份 (n) slavery 奴役 。

－ry 3. 种类 (n) jewelry 宝石 。

－ry 4. 行业 (n) forestry 林业 。

－s 1. 构成复数名词 (n) rockets 火箭 。

－s 2. 第三人称单数 (v) plays 玩 。

－s 3. 构成副词 (ad) indoors 在家 。

－ship 1. 动作 (n) courtship 求爱 。

－ship 2. 身份 (n) citizenship 公民身份 。

－ship 3. 关系 (n) friendship 友谊 。

－sion 动作，状态 (n) revision 复习 。

－sis 性质，状态，动作 (n) crisis 危机 。

－some 引起的 (a) troublesome 烦人的 。

－teen 十... (num) fifteen 十五 13~19 。

－th 1. 行为，结果 (n) death 死亡 。

－th 2. 第... (num) sixth 第六 基数个位≥4 。

－tic 有...性质的 (a) romantic 浪漫的 。

－tion 行为，状态，情况 (n) contribution 贡献 。

－tious 有...性质的 (a) cautious 谨慎的 。

－ty 1. 性质，情况 (n) safety 安全 。

－ty 2. ...十 (num) ninety 九十 20, 30, ..., 90 。

－ure 结果，动作，过程 (n) procedure 程序 。

－ves 构成复数名词 (n) calves 幼仔 单数以f,fe结尾 。

－ward 向，向...的 (prep,a) backward 向后 。

－wards 向 (ad) skywards 朝上地 。

－y 1. 充满，有...性质 (a) handy 手巧的 。

－y 2. 亲昵 (n) kitty 猫咪 。

－yst 1. 人 (n) analyst 分析者 。

－yst 2. 物 (n) catalyst 催化剂。

A disaster (from Middle French désastre, from Old Italian disastro, from Latin pejorative prefix dis- bad + astrum star) is the impact of a natural or human-made hazard that negatively affects society or environment. Disasters occur when hazards strike in vulnerable areas. Disasters are generally more limited in scale than doomsday events, the global impact of which would threaten a large proportion of life on earth. The word disaster's root is from astrology: this implies that when the stars are in a bad position a bad event will happen. 。

[edit] Disaster management 。

Main articles: Emergency management and Business continuity planning 。

Chances of survival after a disaster are greatly improved when people, local governments and emergency services, businesses and national governments prepare survival plans and assemble disaster supplies kits beforehand. What constitutes sufficient preparation is highly dependent on the location and the disasters that are likely to occur in the area. 。

[edit] Natural disasters 。

A natural hazard can cause a natural disaster. Appearing to arise without direct human involvement, natural disasters are sometimes called acts of God. A natural disaster requires inappropriate human action in an area at risk before the strike of a hazard for it to develop into a disaster. A specific disaster may spawn a secondary disaster that increases the impact. A classic example is an earthquake that causes a tsunami, resulting in coastal flooding. 。

[edit] Avalanche 。

Main article: Avalanche 。

An avalanche is a slippage of built-up snow down an incline, possibly mixed with ice, rock, soil or plantlife in what is called a debris avalanche. Avalanches are categorized as either slab or powder avalanches. Avalanches are a major danger in mountainous areas during winter. 。

[edit] Cold

Extreme cold snaps are hazardous to humans and their livestock. A 2003 Mongolian cold snap, locally known as a dzud, killed almost 30,000 livestock. 。

[edit] Drought 。

Main article: Drought 。

A drought is a long-lasting weather pattern consisting of dry conditions with very little or no precipitation. During this period, food and water supplies can run low, and other conditions, such as famine, can result. Droughts can last for several years and are particularly damaging in areas in which the residents depend on agriculture for survival. The Dust Bowl of the 1930s is a famous example of a drought. 。

[edit] Earthquake 。

An earthquake is a sudden shift or movement in the tectonic plate in the Earth's crust. On the surface, this is manifested by shaking of the ground, and can be massively damaging to poorly built structures. Earthquakes occur along geologic fault|fault lines, and are unpredictable. Single earthquakes have killed hundreds of thousands of people, such as in 1976 Tangshan earthquake, the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the 1964 Good 小发猫 Earthquake that hit Anchorage, Alaska, and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. 。

[edit] Epidemics 。

Main articles: Disease, Epidemic, and Pandemic 。

A disease becomes a disaster when it spreads in a pandemic or epidemic as a massive outbreak of an infectious agent. Disease is historically the most lethal natural disaster with examples like the Spanish flu, Black Death, smallpox, and AIDS. 。

[edit] Famine

Main article: Famine 。

Famine, or food insecurity, is characterized by a widespread lack of food in a region, and can be characterized as a lack of agriculture foodstuffs, a lack of livestock, or a general lack of all foodstuffs required for basic nutrition. Famine is almost always caused by pre-existing conditions, such as drought, but its effects may be exacerbated by social factors, such as conflicts. Particularly devastating examples include the Ethiopian famine, which lasted for many years, and the Irish Potato Famine. 。

[edit] Fire

Forest fireMain articles: Bush fire, Fire, Mine fire, Wildfire, and Firestorm 。

Bush fires, forest fires and mine fires are generally started by lightning, but also by human negligence or arson. They can burn thousands of square kilometers. If a fire intensifies enough to produce its own winds and "weather", it will form into a firestorm. A good example of a mine fire is the one near Centralia, Pennsylvania: started in 1962, it ruined the town and continues to burn today. Some of the biggest city-related fires are The Great Chicago Fire, The Peshtigo Fire (both of 1871) and The Great Fire of London in 1666. 。

[edit] Flood

North Carolina 1916Main article: Flood 。

A flood is caused by excess water in a location, usually due to rain from a storm or thunderstorm, or the rapid melting of snow. Other causes can include flooding from water displacement, such as in a landslide, the failure of a dam, an earthquake-induced tsunami, a hurricane's storm surge, or meltwater from volcanic activity. The 1991 Bangladesh cyclone casued massive floods that covered almost three quarters of the nation and left behind a situation of disease and famine. An example of a human-made flood is the one caused by the building of the Vajont Dam in northern Italy in the 1960s; a landslide into the reservoir sent a wave over the dam's crest and into the densely populated valley below. 。

[edit] Hail

HailstormMain article: Hailstorm 。

A hailstorm occur when a thunderstorm produces a large amount of hailstones. Hailstorms can be especially devastating to farm fields, ruining crops and damaging farming equipment. The largest recorded hailstones were the size of grapefruits. 。

[edit] Heat

Main article: Heat wave 。

A heat wave is a hazard characterized by extreme heat in an unexpected area. Heat waves are worsened by temperature inversions, katabatic winds, and other phenomena. The worst heat wave in recent history was the European Heat Wave of 2003, which struck Western and Southern Europe. 。

[edit] Landslide 。

Main articles: Landslide, Lahar, and Mudslide 。

A landslide is caused when soil, rocks, trees, structures and other items on slope comes into motion. Landslides can be initiated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or by general instability in the surrounding land caused by deforestation or lack of porous soil. Mudslide, rockslides, and lahars are particular types of landslides. Mudslides, or mud flows is the result of heavy rainfall causing loose soil on steep terrain to collapse and slide. Rockslides is the result of loose rocks and boulders coming into motion. The deadliest recorded landslide occurred in 1985 in Armero, Colombia, when a volcanic eruption caused snow melt to pile up and destroy the town below, killing over 25,000 people. 。

[edit] Limnic eruption 。

Main article: Limnic Eruption 。

Lake Nyos, CameroonA limnic eruption is a sudden release of asphyxiating or inflammable gas from a lake. Three lakes that are examples of limnic eruptions include Lake Nyos, Lake Monoun, and Lake Kivu. A 1986 limnic eruption of 1.6 million tonnes of CO2 from Lake Nyos suffocated 1,800 people in a 20 mile radius. 。

[edit] Sinkhole 。

Main article: Sinkhole 。

A sinkhole is a localized depression in the surface terrain, usually caused by the collapse of a subterranean structure, such as a cave. Although rare, large sinkholes that develop suddenly in populated areas can lead to the collapse of buildings and other structures. Florida experiences the majority of America's severe sinkholes. 。

[edit] Solar flare 。

Main article: Solar flare 。

A solar flare is a violent explosion in the Sun's atmosphere. Solar flares take place in the solar corona and chromosphere. They produce electromagnetic radiation across the spectrum at all wavelengths. Solar flare emissions are a danger to orbiting satellites, manned space missions, communications systems, and power grid systems. It is expected that the next extreme solar storm may occur in the year 2011. [1] 。

[edit] Storm surge 。

Main articles: Storm surge and Seiche 。

A storm surge is an onshore rush of water associated with a low pressure weather system, typically a tropical cyclone. A storm surge is caused primarily by high winds pushing on the ocean's surface. The wind causes the water to pile up higher than the ordinary sea level. Storm surges are particularly damaging when they occur at the time of a high tide, combining the effects of the surge and the tide. The highest storm surge ever recorded was produced by the 1899 Bathurst Bay Hurricane, which caused a 13 m (43 feet) storm surge to pummel the small Australian town. In the US, the greatest recorded storm surge was generated by Hurricane Katrina, which produced a storm surge of 9 m (30 feet) that slammed against the Gulf Coast. 。

[edit] Thunderstorm 。

Main article: Thunderstorm 。

A thunderstormA thunderstorm is a form of severe weather characterized by the presence of lightning and thunder, often accompanied by copious rainfall, hail and on occasion snowfall and tornadoes. Thunderstorms can happen anywhere. 。

[edit] Tornado 。

TornadoMain article: Tornado 。

A tornado is a natural disaster resulting from a thunderstorm of severe conditions, and is a large funnel of extremely high pressure winds cycling and twisting at random. Tornadoes are measured in power according to the Fujita scale: an F1 being the least powerful and an F5 being the most powerful. Though normally within the American Midwest in a region known as "Tornado Alley", tornadoes can occur almost anywhere. Tornadoes can occur one at a time, or can occur in large tornado outbreaks along a squall line. The most powerful tornado ever recorded in terms of wind speed was the monster which swept through Moore, Oklahoma in 1999 and reached windspeeds of up to 318 mph..one mile below the maximum F5 speed ever considered. Tornadoes do not just stay within rural regions of the world: major cities have had small yet terrifying tornadoes touch down in their downtown sectors before, such as the 1997 waterspout in Miami, Florida, the small twister which touched down in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1999, and a 2001 tornado hitting Birmingham in the United Kingdom. 。

[edit] Tropical cyclones 。

Hurricane IvanMain article: Tropical cyclone 。

A tropical cyclone is a low-pressure cyclonic storm system. It is caused by evaporated water which comes off of the ocean and becomes a storm. The Coriolis effect causes the storms to spin, and a cyclone is declared when this spinning mass of storms attains a wind speed greater than 74mph. Cyclones are known as hurricanes in the Americas and typhoons in eastern Asia. One of the most damaging hurricanes in the United States was Hurricane Katrina, which hit the United States Gulf Coast in 2005 and inundated a heavily populated New Orleans, Louisiana. Cyclones can lead to disasters when they make landfall. Once above land they are reduced in intensity and die out. 。

[edit] Tsunami 。

A tsunami is a giant wave of water which rolls into the shore of an area with heights that can be anywhere from 15 feet to even 50 feet in height. It comes from Japanese language meaning "harbor wave". Tsunamis are caused by undersea earthquakes or landslides, and are not noticed until reaching the shore, where the wave lifts form the rising sea floor. In the 1950s an earthquake in Lituya Bay, Alaska caused a massive landslide to fall into the bay's rear, forming the highest recorded wave in history when the wave passed through the bay's head: over 1720 feet in height. Only two people were killed. The tsunami generated by the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake currently ranks as the deadliest tsunami in recorded history. The tsunami was caused by a 9.2 Richter earthquake caused by a massive shift in pressure between two plates near Sumatra. Currently, the Cascadia Fault along the Northwest coast of the Americas is experiencing the same amount of extreme pressure and may have the same outcome in the near future: a tsunami threatening coastal cities such as Vancouver and Seattle. 。

[edit] Volcanic eruption 。

Pu'u 'Ō'ōMain article: Volcano 。

A volcanic eruption is the point in which a volcano is active and releases its power, and the eruptions come in many forms. They range from daily small eruptions which occur in places like Kilauea in Hawaii, or extremely infrequent supervolcano eruptions in places like Lake Toba in Indonesia or Yellowstone in Wyoming. Some eruptions form pyroclastic flows, which are high-temperature clouds of ash and steam that can trial down mountainsides at speed exceeding an airliner. The eruption of Mount Pelee of the Caribbean in 1902 incinerated the entire town of Saint-Pierre in Martinique below. The more famous example is of Mount Vesuvius, which buried the city of Pompeii, Italy in 79 A.D. and its resident in heaps of ash, and the remains were later recovered preserved and intact. Recent large volcanic eruptions include that of Mount St. Helens in Washington and Krakatoa in Indonesia, occurring in 1980 and 1883, respectively. The latter was one of the loudest eruptions in the world. Mount St. Helens spewed ash all across the Western states, and even caused the sun to appear green in areas. Some volcanoes are dormant, or "sleeping", but may erupt soon, such as Mount Rainier in Washington and Mount Fuji in Japan. 。

[edit] Waterspout 。

Main article: Waterspout 。

WaterspoutA waterspout is a tornadic weather phenomenon normally occurring over tropical waters in light rain conditions. They form at the base of cumulus-type clouds and extend to the water surface where winds pick up water spray. Waterspouts are dangerous to boats, planes and land structures. Most of the time waterspouts are produced in semitropical regions of the world, but the majority of them occur in the Bermuda Triangle and are suspected of being the cause of the many missing ships and planes in that region. One unruly waterspout made its way into downtown Miami, Florida in 1997 and caused quite a scare with the locals. 。

[edit] Winter storm 。

BlizzardMain articles: Blizzard, Winter storm, and Freezing rain 。

A snowstorm is a winter storm in which the primary form of precipitation is snow. When such a storm is accompanied by winds above 32 mph that severely reduce visibility, it becomes a blizzard. Hazards from snowstorms and blizzards include traffic-related accidents, hypothermia for those unable to find shelter, as well as major disruptions to transportation and fuel and power distribution systems. The Blizzard of 1888 that diminished the Northeast coast of the United States produced snowpiles around 10-15 feet in height, sometimes even more. A later one struck Syracuse, New York and the Northeast again in 1975, and left drivers stuck inside their snow-covered vehicles along interstates. Another force of the cold is an ice storm which is basically rain that freezes instantly at contact with a surface. One devastating ice storm struck the city of Montreal, Canada in 1998 and destroyed communications and transportation 。

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